Immune perception of bacterial pathogens in plants

植物细菌病原体的免疫感知

• 批准号: 10348196
• 负责人: Gitta Laurel Coaker
• 金额: $ 39.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10348196
• 关键词: Animals; Binding; Cells; Cysteine; Data; Exhibits; Immune; Immune response; Immune signaling; Immunologic Receptors; Innate Immune Response; Innate Immune System; Lead; Leucine-Rich Repeat; Mediating; Nucleotides; Organ; Pattern recognition receptor; Perception; Phosphotransferases; Plant Leaves; Plants; Post-Translational Protein Processing; Protein Kinase; Regulation; Research; Role; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Surface; Training; Vertebrates; defense response; insight; next generation; pathogen; pathogenic bacteria; receptor; response

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The research in this proposal focuses on plant immune perception of bacterial pathogens. Plants possess a sophisticated innate immune system comprised of germline encoded immune receptors capable of recognizing all pathogen classes. These immune receptors are structurally similar to their animal counterparts and include surface localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) as well as intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine rich repeat (NLR) receptors. Plant immune receptors and downstream signaling nodes are controlled by post- translational modifications, allowing rapid regulation of the initiation, amplitude, and duration of defense. Although PRRs and NLRs are structurally distinct and exhibit differences in defense timing and amplitude, they share significant overlap in posttranslational modification of critical downstream signaling nodes. However, our data demonstrates that the kinases involved in mediating PRR and NLR responses at key signaling nodes are distinct. Here, we will investigate mechanisms regulating innate immune signal intensity, signal propagation and cell specific responses within a leaf. We will analyze the importance of specific protein kinases for mediating the intensity of NLR-triggered immune responses. We will investigate the role of tandemly arrayed cysteine rich-receptor like kinases as secondary immune receptors that propagate signals of pathogen perception. Finally, we will investigate cell specific innate immune responses. This project will train the next generation of scientists and result in discoveries that lead to a better understanding of how signals of initial pathogen perception are integrated into an effective defense response within a plant organ.

项目概要/摘要 该提案的研究重点是植物对细菌病原体的免疫感知。植物具有 复杂的先天免疫系统由种系编码的免疫受体组成，能够识别 所有病原体类别。这些免疫受体在结构上与其动物对应物相似，包括 表面定位模式识别受体 (PRR) 以及细胞内富含核苷酸结合亮氨酸 重复（NLR）受体。植物免疫受体和下游信号节点受后处理控制 翻译修饰，允许快速调节防御的启动、幅度和持续时间。 尽管 PRR 和 NLR 在结构上不同，并且在防御时间和幅度上表现出差异，但它们 在关键下游信号转导节点的翻译后修饰中具有显着的重叠。然而，我们的 数据表明，参与介导关键信号节点 PRR 和 NLR 反应的激酶是 清楚的。在这里，我们将研究调节先天免疫信号强度、信号传播的机制 以及叶子内细胞的特异性反应。我们将分析特定蛋白激酶对于 调节 NLR 触发的免疫反应的强度。我们将研究串联排列的作用 富含半胱氨酸的受体激酶作为次级免疫受体，传播病原体信号 洞察力。最后，我们将研究细胞特异性的先天免疫反应。该项目将培训下一个 一代科学家的发现并导致人们更好地理解初始信号如何 病原体感知被整合到植物器官内的有效防御反应中。