C. elegans gastrulation: A model for understanding apical constriction mechanisms

线虫原肠胚形成：了解顶端收缩机制的模型

基本信息

批准号：
10318104
负责人：
ROBERT P GOLDSTEIN
金额：
$ 37.74万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Apical constriction is a change in cell shape that drives critical morphogenetic events, including gastrulation and branching morphogenesis in diverse animals and neural tube formation in vertebrates. Although apical constriction was recognized more than a century ago, fundamental questions about mechanisms of apical constriction remain unanswered. Research in this laboratory focuses on understanding how cells accomplish this fundamental change in shape. Apical constriction is being studied to uncover insights into how animals are shaped, and to contribute to a foundation of basic science leading to improved diagnosis and prevention of neural tube defects. This proposal will support a series of projects to answer how the molecules that contribute to apical constriction generate and transmit the forces that change cell shapes, what triggers changes in cell shape, how developmental patterning mechanisms deploy cell biological players with the necessary spatial and temporal precision, and to identify and understand novel mechanisms that make important contributions to apical constriction. The laboratory has developed several key technical innovations to address critical barriers to progress in this field, and the proposed projects build on the lab's strength in dissecting cell biological mechanisms of development more generally. Study of apical constriction intersects with some of the major themes in cell and developmental biology including cell polarization, control of motor activity, and dynamic control of forces, in a complex in vivo context. The proposed projects seek to combine in a single model system the tools that are valuable to different model systems, plus the new tools that the lab has developed, to produce unique and sustained contributions to unraveling mechanisms that are relevant to critical morphogenetic events.

顶端收缩是细胞形状的变化，驱动关键的形态发生事件，包括原肠胚形成不同动物的分支形态发生和脊椎动物的神经管形成。虽然心尖一个多世纪前，人们就认识到了收缩，关于顶端机制的基本问题收缩仍未得到答复。该实验室的研究重点是了解细胞如何完成这种根本性的形状变化。正在研究顶端收缩，以揭示动物的行为方式形成并为基础科学的基础做出贡献，从而改善诊断和预防神经管缺陷。该提案将支持一系列项目，以回答分子如何做出贡献顶端收缩产生并传递改变细胞形状的力，什么触发细胞的变化形状，发育模式机制如何以必要的空间部署细胞生物参与者和时间精度，并识别和理解对以下方面做出重要贡献的新机制：心尖收缩。该实验室开发了多项关键技术创新来解决关键障碍为了在这一领域取得进展，拟议的项目建立在实验室解剖细胞生物学的实力之上更普遍的发展机制。根尖缢缩的研究与一些主要的研究相交叉细胞和发育生物学的主题，包括细胞极化、运动活动的控制和动态在复杂的体内环境中控制力。拟议的项目寻求结合在一个单一的模型中 system 对不同模型系统有价值的工具，加上实验室开发的新工具，以为与关键相关的解开机制做出独特和持续的贡献形态发生事件。