Neural mechanisms of multisensory auditory-olfactory integration in the auditory cortex

听觉皮层多感觉听觉嗅觉整合的神经机制

• 批准号: 10316690
• 负责人: Nathan Vogler
• 金额: $ 7.59万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10316690
• 关键词: Anatomy; Animals; Area; Auditory; Auditory area; Auditory system; Behavior; Brain; Child; Code; Complex; Data; Detection; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Feedback; Head; Knowledge; Label; Laboratories; Light; Link; Measures; Mediating; Mental disorders; Modality; Mus; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neurosciences Research; Odors; Olfactory Cortex; Olfactory Pathways; Opsin; Organism; Parents; Partner in relationship; Pathway interactions; Perception; Reporting; Research; Role; Sensory; Shapes; Smell Perception; Source; Stimulus; System; Tactile; Testing; Transgenic Organisms; Viral; Virus; Visual; Voice; Work; auditory stimulus; awake; base; brain circuitry; experimental study; frontier; in vivo; innovation; multimodality; multisensory; neuromechanism; novel; olfactory stimulus; optogenetics; piriform cortex; post-doctoral training; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory stimulus; sensory system; sound; stimulus sensitivity; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY Living organisms interact with complex environments that are inherently multisensory. Within these environments, the brain must integrate information from multiple sensory modalities, including the auditory and olfactory systems, for perception and behavior. However, despite the ubiquity and importance of multisensory integration, there is a critical gap in our understanding of how the brain integrates auditory and olfactory stimuli. This proposal will fill this knowledge gap by revealing the mechanisms underlying auditory-olfactory integration in the auditory cortex. Previous studies have reported that neurons in the auditory cortex project to the olfactory (piriform) cortex; however, preliminary results in this proposal identify a novel pathway in which the piriform cortex directly projects to the auditory cortex. These experiments will test the hypothesis that the cross-modal integration of olfactory sensory information with auditory information is facilitated by neuronal connections from the piriform cortex to the auditory cortex. To this end, these experiments will use innovative approaches to characterize and interrogate newly discovered brain circuitry. Specifically, cutting-edge intersectional viral tracing strategies will label projections from the piriform cortex to auditory cortex, and identify auditory cortical neurons in an auditory-olfactory feedback loop. To functionally interrogate this circuitry, we will develop a state-of-the-art experimental system for delivering combinations of auditory and olfactory stimuli. Using in vivo electrophysiology and optogenetics we will test whether and how piriform-to-auditory cortex projections mediate cross-modal auditory-olfactory integration. This work, part of a collaborative effort by the Geffen and Gottfried laboratories, will lay the groundwork for a new frontier in multisensory neuroscience research, and provide an ideal postdoctoral training environment.

项目概要 生物体与复杂的环境相互作用，这些环境本质上是多感官的。在这些之中 在环境中，大脑必须整合来自多种感觉方式的信息，包括听觉和听觉 嗅觉系统，用于感知和行为。然而，尽管多感官无处不在且很重要 整合方面，我们对大脑如何整合听觉和嗅觉刺激的理解存在重大差距。 该提案将通过揭示听觉嗅觉整合的机制来填补这一知识空白 在听觉皮层。先前的研究报告称，听觉皮层的神经元投射到嗅觉 （梨状）皮质；然而，该提案的初步结果确定了梨状皮层的一种新途径 直接投射到听觉皮层。这些实验将检验跨模式的假设 嗅觉感觉信息与听觉信息的整合是通过神经元连接来促进的 梨状皮层到听觉皮层。为此，这些实验将采用创新方法 表征和询问新发现的大脑回路。具体来说，尖端的交叉病毒追踪 策略将标记从梨状皮层到听觉皮层的投影，并识别听觉皮层神经元 在听觉嗅觉反馈循环中。为了从功能上询问该电路，我们将开发一种最先进的 用于传递听觉和嗅觉刺激组合的实验系统。使用体内电生理学 和光遗传学，我们将测试梨状到听觉皮层的投射是否以及如何介导跨模式 听觉嗅觉整合。这项工作是格芬和戈特弗里德实验室合作努力的一部分， 将为多感觉神经科学研究的新领域奠定基础，并提供理想的 博士后培养环境。