Emotional responses styles and well-being ten years later: A multimodal comparison across the lifespan

十年后的情绪反应方式和幸福感：整个生命周期的多模式比较

• 批准号: 10314850
• 负责人: Emily Urban-Wojcik
• 金额: $ 6.04万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2022-07-08
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10314850
• 关键词: Adult; Affective; Age; Aging; Amygdaloid structure; Biological; Cognitive; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Development; Elderly; Electromyography; Emotional; Emotions; Event; Face; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Health; Hour; Image; Individual Differences; Laboratories; Life; Life Experience; Longevity; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Mind; Modality; Nature; Neurobiology; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Physiological; Population; Psychophysiology; Recovery; Reporting; Research; Shapes; Time; Training; United States; Universities; Wisconsin; Work; affective neuroscience; age difference; base; cohort; diaries; experience; improved; middle age; millisecond; multimodality; negative affect; neuroimaging; physical conditioning; psychologic; response; stressor; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract. Aging is often characterized by declines in physical and cognitive health. One domain that does not seem to follow this trajectory is well-being. Older age is often characterized by higher levels of well-being, or “optimal psychological functioning and experience”, a finding that has been termed the “paradox” of aging. Well-being is also related to how people respond to emotional events (i.e., emotional response styles), but the research documenting how emotional response styles relate to age is inconclusive. Self-report studies of emotional response styles and aging demonstrate better profiles among older cohorts, where age is related to smaller increases in negative affect after encountering stressors. Lab studies, on the other hand, demonstrate either no age differences in emotional response styles or less adaptive profiles with age. The existing research is limited by a focus on emotional responses to negative (and not positive) events and the initial reactivity (but not recovery) to those events. The proposed research will attempt to reconcile these mixed findings by examining how emotional response styles in adults ranging from 33 to 84 are related to concurrent and longitudinal (10 years later) well-being using a multimodal assessment of emotion. Data from the 2nd and 3rd waves of the Midlife in the United States study will be used to compare the validity of three methods of assessing emotional response styles in predicting longitudinal well-being: self-reported emotion after the occurrence of daily stressors and daily uplifts in an 8-day diary study; facial electromyography (facial EMG) indicators of emotional responses to negative and positive pictures; and activity in the amygdala and striatum while viewing negative and positive pictures during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The initial reactivity to the emotional event (stressor/uplift, negative picture/positive picture) will be examined as well as the recovery from the emotional event (i.e., the time taken to return to baseline levels). The proposed project aims to investigate how individual differences in 1) negative; and 2) positive emotional response styles in daily life, facial EMG, and fMRI relate to well-being 10 years later as a function of age; and 3) Examine how interactions between age and individual differences in emotional response styles in daily life, facial EMG, and fMRI relate to change in well-being across 10 years. Training of the fellow will take place in the Center for Healthy Minds at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and will be supported by experts in affective neuroscience, facial EMG analysis, and fMRI analysis. The training plan includes activities intended to bolster the fellow’s theoretical understanding and methodological skillset regarding the neurobiological basis of emotional response styles as well as professional development. Findings from the proposed study have the potential to inform efforts to maintain and improve emotional health and well-being as people age.

项目摘要/摘要。 衰老的特点通常是身体和认知健康的下降。 似乎不遵循这一轨迹的领域是老年的幸福感往往更高。 幸福水平，或“最佳心理功能和体验”，这一发现被称为 衰老的“悖论”还与人们对情绪事件（即情绪）的反应有关。 反应方式），但记录情绪反应方式与年龄之间关系的研究尚无定论。 关于情绪反应方式和衰老的自我报告研究表明，老年群体的情况更好， 实验室研究表明，年龄与遇到压力后负面情绪的较小增加有关。 另一方面，表现出情绪反应风格没有年龄差异，或者适应性较差 现有的研究仅限于关注对消极（而不是积极）事件的情绪反应。 以及对这些事件的初始反应（但不是恢复）。拟议的研究将尝试协调。 通过研究 33 岁至 84 岁成年人的情绪反应风格之间的关系，得出了这些复杂的结果 使用来自情绪数据的多模式评估来评估并发和纵向（10 年后）的幸福感。 美国中年研究的第二波和第三波将用于比较三者的有效性 评估情绪反应风格以预测纵向幸福感的方法：自我报告情绪 在为期 8 天的日记研究中，在出现日常压力源和日常隆起后（面部； EMG）对消极和积极图片的情绪反应指标；以及杏仁核和 在功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 过程中查看负片和正片图片时，观察纹状体。 对情绪事件的初始反应（压力/振奋、消极图片/积极图片）将被检查为 以及从情绪事件中恢复（即恢复到基线水平所需的时间）。 该项目旨在调查 1) 消极情绪反应方式和 2) 积极情绪反应方式的个体差异。 在日常生活中，面部肌电图和功能磁共振成像与 10 年后的健康状况相关，作为年龄的函数；3) 检查如何进行相关分析； 年龄与日常生活情绪反应方式、面部肌电图和个体差异之间的相互作用 功能磁共振成像与 10 年内的福祉变化有关，该中心将进行培训。 威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的健康心灵项目将得到情感专家的支持 培训计划包括旨在加强神经科学、面部肌电图分析和功能磁共振成像分析的活动。 该研究员对神经生物学基础的理论理解和方法技能 拟议研究的结果表明情绪反应风格和职业发展。 随着人们年龄的增长，有可能为维持和改善情绪健康和福祉的努力提供信息。