Diamond Rotors

钻石转子

• 批准号: 10299171
• 负责人: Neil Gershenfeld
• 金额: $ 41.98万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-10 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10299171
• 关键词: Address; Amyloid Fibrils; Area; Biological; Chemicals; Complex; Crystallization; Data; Deposition; Development; Diamond; Dimensions; Equipment; Failure; Frequencies; Gases; Generations; Goals; Health; Heating; Helium; Human; Isotope Labeling; Laboratories; Lasers; Lead; Magic; Medical Imaging; Membrane Proteins; Methods; Molecular Structure; Nuclear; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Planet Earth; Plastics; Process; Property; Proteins; Radiation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Summaries; Resolution; Resources; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Structure; System; Techniques; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Thermal Conductivity; Time; base; biological systems; commercialization; complex biological systems; cost; experience; experimental study; improved; instrumentation; method development; microwave electromagnetic radiation; novel; repaired; solid state nuclear magnetic resonance; structural biology; tool; vapor; zirconium oxide

Project Summary The research in this proposal focuses on the development of methods for fabricating magic-angle spinning (MAS) rotors from single crystal diamond logs for applications (1) in ambient temperature MAS experiments, and (2) dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) MAS experiments. In particular, there is an ever- increasing push towards rotors that attain higher spinning frequencies for MAS NMR in order to improve sensitivity and resolution. However, the spinning frequencies currently obtainable (~100 kHz) are limited by the strength of the material from which the rotors are fabricated – typically ZrO2 with flexural strength of ~800 MPa. Above ~120 kHz the ZrO2 rotors explode. Diamond is one of the strongest materials on earth with flexural strengths of 2-5 GPa for single crystal samples and therefore an ideal material to manufacture MAS rotors. Furthermore, diamond is transparent to terahertz radiation, so it is ideal for DNP experiments. Finally, it has excellent thermal properties – it thermal conductivity is 10x better than Cu. Thus, it is easy to compensate for the aerodynamic heating associated with MAS. Machining diamond cylinders to high tolerance required for rotors requires a novel laser machining processes which we have begun to develop to produce small (≤1.3 mm OD) diamond rotors. Here we propose to refine our processes and test them in our available instrumentation. The goal is to produce 1.3 mm, 0.7 mm and a new generation of 0.5 mm rotors that will attain ωr/2π>300 kHz and improve the resolution of MAS spectra by a factor of ~5 over what is currently available. In addition, we anticipate that diamond rotors will lead to larger DNP enhancements. We also describe some applications to amyloid fibrils and membrane proteins where we anticipate that diamond rotors will have a significant scientific impact.

项目概要 本提案的研究重点是开发魔角制造方法 由单晶金刚石原木制成的旋转 (MAS) 转子，适用于环境温度 MAS 中的应用 (1) 实验，以及（2）动态核极化（DNP）MAS 实验。 加大对获得 MAS NMR 更高旋转频率的转子的推动，以改进 然而，目前可获得的旋转频率（~100 kHz）受到以下因素的限制。 制造转子的材料的强度 - 通常为 ZrO2，弯曲强度为 ~800 MPa。高于 ~120 kHz，ZrO2 转子会爆炸。金刚石是地球上最坚固的材料之一。 单晶样品的弯曲强度为 2-5 GPa，因此是制造的理想材料 此外，金刚石对太赫兹辐射是透明的，因此非常适合 DNP 实验。 最后，它具有优异的热性能——导热率比铜高 10 倍，因此很容易。 补偿与 MAS 加工相关的气动热量。 转子所需的公差需要一种新颖的激光加工工艺，我们已开始开发该工艺 在此，我们建议改进我们的工艺并在我们的工厂中对其进行测试。 目标是生产 1.3 毫米、0.7 毫米和新一代 0.5 毫米转子。 这将达到 ωr/2π>300 kHz 并将 MAS 频谱的分辨率提高约 5 倍 此外，我们预计金刚石转子将带来更大的 DNP 增强。 我们还描述了淀粉样原纤维和膜蛋白的一些应用，我们预计 金刚石转子将产生重大的科学影响。