Quantifying the Influence of Yogic Breathwork on Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation

量化瑜伽呼吸对脑脊液循环的影响

• 批准号: 10293296
• 负责人: Selda Yildiz
• 金额: $ 10.94万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10293296
• 关键词: Abdomen; Address; Alzheimer' s Disease; Blood Circulation; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Brain; Breathing; Cardiac; Central Nervous System Diseases; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Conscious; Ensure; Equipment; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Heart Rate; Human; Imaging Techniques; Intercellular Fluid; Intervention; Investigation; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measurement; Measures; Meditation; Metabolic; Methodology; Microcirculation; Mind-Body Intervention; Multiple Sclerosis; Nervous System Physiology; Neuraxis; Neurologic; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Periodicity; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Physiology; Play; Polysomnography; Posture; Relaxation; Respiration; Risk; Rodent; Role; Sleep; Sleep Wake Cycle; Slow-Wave Sleep; Time; United States; Wakefulness; Well in self; Yoga; cerebrospinal fluid flow; cost; experience; glymphatic function; glymphatic system; heart rate variability; imaging approach; improved; improvement on sleep; in vivo evaluation; intervention effect; multimodality; non-invasive imaging; novel; novel strategies; perivascular channels; post intervention; research study; respiratory; sleep pattern; sleep quality; solute; wasting

Modified Project Summary/Abstract Section Yogic breathwork is a low-risk low-cost mind-body therapy that can be easily learned and performed without any additional equipment. The practices of yogic breathwork have been demonstrated to be effective for a wide range of health conditions including sleep and neurological conditions. While underlying mechanisms are still not fully known, one previously studied mechanism for the health benefits of yogic breathwork is through parasympathetic activation as evidenced by decreased respiration rate, heart rate and blood pressure, and increased heart rate variability. Another mechanism for explaining the health benefits of yogic breathwork can be its direct influence on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation, which to date has not been investigated due to lack of non-invasive methodology. CSF circulates by bulk flow (macrocirculation) around the central nervous system (CNS) while ensuring the health of the CNS. CSF undergoes periodic pulsations due to arterial pulsation and respiration. While cardiac-driven CSF has been studied extensively, respiratory-driven CSF is not very well-understood due to lack of real-time non-invasive approaches. To address this gap, we have recently developed a real-time phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (RT-PCMRI) technique, and demonstrated that deep slow abdominal breathing - compared to natural breathing - increases the amplitude of the CSF flow velocities while lowering the frequency of respiratory-driven CSF flow, suggesting that breathing patterns have quasi-immediate influence on the modulation of CSF circulation. Additionally, CSF circulation plays a central role in maintaining glymphatic function (microcirculation), which is a recently identified brain-wide cleaning mechanism that supports the rapid interchange of CSF and interstitial fluid (ISF), and facilitates the clearance of solutes and metabolic wastes from the brain interstitium, preferentially during sleep compared to wakefulness. In order to evaluate glymphatic function in human brain, we have recently developed a novel non-invasive imaging approach incorporating simultaneous polysomnography and magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements across sleep-wakes cycles, which indicated enhanced glymphatic activity during sleep, particularly in slow wave sleep. Because we know that the entry of CSF along perivascular channels facilitates glymphatic function in rodents, we hypothesize that the influence of yogic breathwork on CSF flow dynamics will also facilitate the glymphatic activity. Because we know yoga improves sleep, and glymphatic function is mainly active during sleep compared to the wakefulness, we expect that a regular practice of yogic breathwork will improve sleep quality, and will benefit the glymphatic activity. Thus, we propose to: (1) determine the influence of an 8-week yogic breathwork intervention on CSF flow dynamics; (2) determine the influence of an 8-week yogic breathwork intervention on CSF circulation (flow dynamics and glymphatic function), and; (3) measure the effects of the breathwork intervention on participants’ long-term sleep patterns, and correlate the degree of sleep improvement with the changes in CSF circulation measured in Aim 2.

修改后的项目摘要/摘要部分 瑜伽呼吸是一种低风险、低成本的身心疗法，无需任何额外设备即可轻松学习和执行。瑜伽呼吸练习已被证明对包括睡眠和神经系统疾病在内的多种健康状况有效。虽然潜在的机制尚不完全清楚，但先前研究的瑜伽呼吸对健康有益的机制是通过副交感神经激活，呼吸频率、心率和血压降低以及心率变异性增加证明了这是另一种解释健康益处的机制。的瑜伽呼吸可能是其对脑脊液（CSF）循环的直接影响，由于缺乏通过中枢神经系统（CNS）周围的整体流动（大循环）来回收脑脊液的非侵入性方法，因此迄今为止尚未对其进行研究。尽管心脏驱动的脑脊液已被广泛研究，但呼吸驱动的脑脊液仍不清楚。由于缺乏实时非侵入性方法，为了解决这一差距，我们最近开发了一种实时相衬磁共振成像（RT-PCMRI）技术，并证明了深慢腹式呼吸与自然呼吸相比。 - 增加脑脊液流速的幅度，同时降低呼吸驱动的脑脊液流的频率，这表明呼吸模式对脑脊液循环的调节具有准直接的影响。此外，脑脊液循环在维持类淋巴功能中发挥着核心作用。 （微循环），这是一种最近发现的全脑清洁机制，支持脑脊液和间质液（ISF）的快速交换，并促进溶质和代谢废物从脑间质中的清除，与清醒时相比，优先在睡眠期间清除。为了评估人脑中的类淋巴腺功能，我们最近开发了一种新型非侵入性成像方法，结合了睡眠-觉醒周期中的同步多导睡眠图和磁共振波谱测量，这表明类淋巴腺活动增强因为我们知道脑脊液沿着血管周围通道进入有助于啮齿类动物的类淋巴功能，所以我们发现瑜伽呼吸对脑脊液流动动力学的影响也将促进类淋巴活动，因为我们知道瑜伽可以改善类淋巴功能。睡眠时，与清醒时相比，类淋巴功能主要在睡眠期间活跃，我们期望定期练习瑜伽呼吸将改善睡眠质量，并有益于类淋巴活动，因此，我们建议： (1) 确定 8 周瑜伽呼吸干预对脑脊液血流动力学的影响；(2) 确定 8 周瑜伽呼吸干预对脑脊液循环（血流动力学和类淋巴功能）的影响；以及 (3) 测量呼吸干预对参与者长期睡眠模式的影响，并将睡眠改善程度与目标 2 中测量的脑脊液循环变化相关联。