Developing A Transition MicroElelectrode Array for Large-scale Brain Recording

开发用于大规模脑记录的过渡微电子电极阵列

基本信息

批准号：
10294077
负责人：
Yantao Fan
金额：
$ 22.66万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10294077
关键词：
3D Print Address Agar Aging Axon Behavior Biocompatible Materials Biodegradation Biological Biology Biomedical Engineering Biopolymers Brain Brain Mapping Brain region Cells Custom Data Development Devices Dimensions Electrodes Emotions Encapsulated Environment Failure Future Gel Goals Human Hybrids Image Immune response Implanted Electrodes In Vitro Incubators Industry Inflammatory Literature Measurement Medical Memory Methodology Microelectrodes Microfabrication Morphology Neurons Neurosciences Outcome Oxides Patients Performance Periodicity Phosphate Buffer Physiological Polymers Process Property Rattus Repeat Surgery Research Resolution Saline Signal Transduction Silicon Spectrum Analysis Stains Synapses System Technology Testing Time Tissues Utah Work base biocompatible polymer biodegradable polymer biomaterial compatibility brain computer interface brain machine interface complex biological systems density design electric impedance experimental study fluorescence imaging implantation in vitro testing in vivo innovative technologies insight mechanical properties nerve stem cell nervous system disorder neural circuit polymerization prevent prototype relating to nervous system spatiotemporal stem cells tissue phantom two-photon voltage

项目摘要

Project Summary The brain’s functions are determined by its neural circuits, which consist of approximately 85 billion neuronal cells. Current brain recording technology is not sufficient to accomplish the goal of a high resolution mapping of brain activity due to the lack of a large-scale recording technology. Another vital challenge for current brain recording technology is obtaining longer lifetime for the implanted electrodes to prevent repeated surgeries. As over time, the harsh physiological environment (wet, ionic, reactive oxidizing species, immune response, etc.) in the neural tissue breaks down and/or encapsulates the electrode implants. To overcome these obstacles, we propose to develop and validate an implantable Transition Micro- Electrode Array (tMEA) for large-scale brain recording and modulation. This approach has the potential to eventually achieve an interface density of 106 “electrodes” per cm2, which is several orders of magnitude beyond established neural recording solutions. Except for the ultra-high recording capability, radically different from existing neural technologies, the tMEA uses living neurons as means of electrical recording and its axon guiding probes will be fabricated from degradable biopolymer via 3D printing. We expect the biocompatibility of the tMEA’s unique design will greatly decrease tissue damage and may suppress inflammatory immune response in the brain. The tMEA technology will use biopolymers that degrade safely after implantation, exposing living neural stem cells that will project their axons into local brain regions to form synaptic connections with the patient’s own neurons. In this way, the biological neuronal axons grow into a stable “electrode array” and replace a failure-prone abiotic interface with natural biotic connections act as a high- performance brain-machine interface. All these distinctive features endow the tMEA with unique potential for neuroscientists and clinicians to explore human brain functions and treat neurological disease, enabling an advancement of neuroscience, medical practice, and a variety of other future technologies.

项目概要大脑的功能由其神经回路决定，神经回路由约 850 亿个神经元组成目前的大脑记录技术不足以实现高分辨率的目标。由于缺乏大规模记录技术，绘制大脑活动图是另一个重大挑战。当前的脑记录技术正在使植入电极获得更长的使用寿命，以防止重复发生随着时间的推移，恶劣的生理环境（潮湿、离子、活性氧化物质、免疫）神经组织中的响应等）会分解和/或封装电极植入物。为了克服这些障碍，我们建议开发并验证可植入的 Transition Micro- 用于大规模大脑记录和调制的电极阵列（tMEA）这种方法有潜力。最终实现每平方厘米 106 个“电极”的界面密度，这是几个数量级除了超高的记录能力之外，完全不同。根据现有的神经技术，tMEA 使用活体神经元作为电记录及其轴突的手段引导探针将通过 3D 打印由可降解生物聚合物制成，我们期望其具有生物相容性。 tMEA 的独特设计将大大减少组织损伤并可能抑制炎症免疫 tMEA 技术将使用植入后安全降解的生物聚合物，暴露活的神经干细胞，将其轴突投射到局部大脑区域以形成突触通过这种方式，生物神经元轴突成长为稳定的。 “电极阵列”并用天然生物连接取代容易出现故障的非生物界面，充当高所有这些独特的功能赋予 tMEA 独特的潜力。神经科学家和赞助人探索人类大脑功能并治疗神经系统疾病，从而实现神经科学、医疗实践和各种其他未来技术的进步。