Evaluating the determinants of the spread of COVID-19 between and within rural communities in Mali, West Africa based on blood-fed mosquitoes

基于吸血蚊子评估西非马里农村社区之间和内部 COVID-19 传播的决定因素

• 批准号: 10272318
• 负责人: Tovi Lehmann
• 金额: $ 14.76万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10272318
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Affect; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Air; Air Pollution; Americas; Animals; Antibodies; Asia; Blood; Blood Circulation; Blood specimen; COVID-19; Cattle; Chiroptera; Cities; Collection; Communities; Country; Crowding; Culicidae; Data; Detection; Disease; Domestic Animals; Environment; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Epitopes; Europe; Exposure to; Goals; Goat; Human; Hygiene; Immunoglobulin G; Individual; Infection; Laboratories; Mali; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Pattern; Penetrance; Persons; Population; Process; Public Health; Reagent; Recommendation; Rodent; Role; Route; Running; Rural; Rural Community; Sampling; Sanitation; Serologic tests; Sheep; Shelter facility; Social Distance; Source; Specimen; System; Testing; Time; Training; Transportation; Validation; Virus; Water; Wild Animals; base; commune; data anonymization; density; design; epidemiologic data; fine particles; innovation; laboratory experiment; novel; novel strategies; preservation; recruit; spatiotemporal; transmission process; well water

The spread of COVID-19 in rural sub-Saharan Africa is poorly understood and reliable data are unlikely to be obtained. To fill this gap and assess how the unique ecological and cultural settings affect it, we have initiated a novel strategy of non-invasive, high throughput monitoring of COVID-19 infections by sampling blood-fed mosquitoes collected monthly in 20 Malian villages spread across 500km. The mosquito blood meal will be used to detect antibodies against COVID19 by ELISA. Presently, recruitment of all 20 villages has been completed including 3 villages where collaborators will carry out serological tests on residents as part of their own projects and will share anonymous data with us for comparison and validation. Testing of several exit trap designs and SOP optimization are ongoing in several villages. Training of local teams in mosquito collection and preservation is ongoing, while pilot collection of mosquito specimens has been implemented. We expect that all villages will be trained and operational by September 2020. Laboratory experiments to identify infection status based on mosquito blood meals are planned and will start as soon as the key reagents (e.g., positive control sera from individuals who have been exposed to COVID19 and who have an average titer of IgG) will arrive to our laboratory. Our goal is to determine the window of time after blood meal that detection of antibodies is reliable, given expected titer for two widely used epitopes.

人们对 COVID-19 在撒哈拉以南非洲农村地区的传播知之甚少，也不太可能获得可靠的数据。为了填补这一空白并评估独特的生态和文化环境对其有何影响，我们启动了一项新策略，通过对分布在 500 公里范围内的 20 个马里村庄每月收集的吸血蚊子进行采样，对 COVID-19 感染进行非侵入性高通量监测。蚊子血粉将用于通过 ELISA 检测新冠病毒抗体。 目前，20个村庄的招募工作已全部完成，其中3个村庄的合作者将作为其项目的一部分对居民进行血清学检测，并与我们共享匿名数据以进行比较和验证。多个出口陷阱设计的测试和 SOP 优化正在几个村庄进行。正在对当地团队进行蚊子采集和保存方面的培训，同时已经开始试点采集蚊子标本。我们预计所有村庄将在 2020 年 9 月之前接受培训并投入运营。 根据蚊子血粉确定感染状态的实验室实验已计划进行，并将在关键试剂（例如，来自曾接触过新冠病毒且具有平均 IgG 滴度的个体的阳性对照血清）到达我们的实验室后立即开始。我们的目标是确定血粉后抗体检测可靠的时间窗口，考虑到两种广泛使用的表位的预期滴度。