PHOTOBIOLOGY OF THE LENS

晶状体的光生物学

• 批准号: 2159528
• 负责人: USHA P ANDLEY
• 金额: $ 21.86万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1984-05-01 至 1997-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2159528
• 关键词: DNA damage; SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; age difference; animal tissue; cataract; crosslink; crystallins; epithelium; extracellular matrix proteins; free radical oxygen; human tissue; hydrogen peroxide; hydroxyl radical; lens; lens proteins; molecular pathology; photobiology; protein biosynthesis; radiotracer; solar radiation; spectrometry; stress proteins; superoxides; tissue /cell culture; ultraviolet radiation

DESCRIPTION (Investigator's Abstract): Near-ultraviolet light from sunlight is known to increase the risk of formation of human cortical cataracts. The mechanism of action of different wavelengths of near-UV radiation on the lens is unknown at present. The focus of this study is to quantitate the biological effectiveness of specific wavelengths of radiation between 297 and 400 nm on the lens and lens constituents. Action spectra for lens opacification by monochromatic wavelengths in UVB (297-320nm) and UVA (320-400 nm) will be determined under biologically meaningful conditions. Intact bovine and human lenses and homogenates will be used. Spectroscopic techniques and protein crosslinking will be used to assess the damage. Quantitative studies on the generation of specific reactive oxygen species will be done, to assess their role in photodamage at different wavelengths. Less than ten percent of UVB and 60 percent of UVA reaches the human lens epithelium in vivo. However, UVB and not UVA increased the risk of cortical cataract formation in a recent human epidemiological study. The biological effects of UVB and UVA radiation on lens epithelial cells are unknown at present. Quantitative action spectrum studies on the cell survival, synthesis of newly synthesized proteins and DNA damage in lens epithelial cells are planned in this study. These data will provide quantitative information on the biological effects of near-UV wavelengths on the epithelium. Normal human lenses of different ages (infant, young and old), and cataractous lens epithelia will be investigated to determine the mechanism of action of near-UV radiation of the human lens in vivo. The long-term objective of this proposal is to define a molecular mechanism for the changes in lens constituents and obtain a better understanding of the link between photodamage and human cataract formation.

描述（调查员的摘要）：近粉状光 众所周知，阳光会增加人类皮质形成的风险 白内障。 近紫外线不同波长的作用机理 目前，镜头上的辐射尚不清楚。 这项研究的重点是 定量特定波长的生物学有效性 镜头和镜头成分的297至400 nm之间的辐射。行动 UVB中单色波长的镜头镜头光谱 （297-320nm）和UVA（320-400 nm）将在生物学上确定 有意义的条件。 完整的牛和人透镜和匀浆将 被使用。 光谱技术和蛋白质交联将用于 评估损坏。 关于特定生成的定量研究 将完成活性氧，以评估它们在光损伤中的作用 在不同的波长。不到UVB的百分之十，占60％ UVA在体内到达人体镜头上皮。但是，UVB而不是UVA 在最近的人类中增加了皮质性白内障形成的风险 流行病学研究。 UVB和UVA辐射对生物学作用对 目前，晶状体上皮细胞尚不清楚。 定量作用谱 研究细胞存活，新合成蛋白质的合成和 在本研究中计划了晶状体上皮细胞中的DNA损伤。 这些数据 将提供有关近紫外线生物学作用的定量信息 上皮上的波长。 不同年龄的正常人镜头 （婴儿，年轻人）和白内障透镜上皮将是 研究以确定近紫外辐射的作用机理 人体镜头在体内。 该提议的长期目标是 定义一种分子机制，用于变化晶状体成分和 更好地了解光损伤与人之间的联系 白内障形成。