Helping the Poor Quit Smoking: Specialized Quitlines and Meeting Basic Needs

帮助穷人戒烟：专门的戒烟热线和满足基本需求

• 批准号: 10189315
• 负责人: MATTHEW W. KREUTER
• 金额: $ 15.75万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10189315
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; African American; Annual Reports; Asthma; Awareness; Behavior; COVID-19; Cessation of life; Chronic; Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease; Complex; Containment; Data; Data Collection; Employment; Enrollment; Equipment; Food; Health; Health behavior; Heart Diseases; Home environment; Household; Income; Intervention; Life; Low income; Measures; Minority; Missouri; Modeling; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Occupational Exposure; Paper; Parents; Participant; Population; Race; Recommendation; Reporting; Smoker; Smoking; Social Work; Subgroup; Surveys; Testing; Time Series Analysis; Tobacco; Transportation; Wages; Work; cancer health disparity; coronavirus disease; economic need; healthspan; high school; innovation; meetings; navigator intervention; novel strategies; pandemic disease; programs; protective behavior; quitline; randomized trial; smoking cessation; social

Project Summary/Abstract The impact of COVID-19 on low-income and minority populations has been profound, spanning health, employment, income, food, rent, transportation and daily needs like diapers and toilet paper. In Missouri, where the parent study and proposed supplement take place, disparities abound. African Americans make up <12% of the state population but over 40% of COVID-19 deaths – the second largest gap in the U.S. among states reporting race data. As of April 20, 2020, we have enrolled 1,743 low-income daily smokers in the parent study, a randomized trial testing two cessation interventions. Over half report annual household income <$10,000, most (59%) are African American, and many (30%) did not complete high school. They are also sick: 50% report at least one chronic condition (28% asthma, 20% COPD, 15% Type II diabetes, 10% heart disease), and 56% rate their health as “fair” (39%) or “poor” (17%). From March 9 to April 16, 2020, we administered COVID-19 survey items to 88 participants. Awareness of COVID-19 was high, but protective behaviors were inconsistent, and occupational exposures were high: of those who worked – 74% African Americans – only 19% had been off work and 6% worked from home during COVID. In short, low-wage minority smokers, often in fair or poor health, were working outside the home, having more contact with others, but with little protective equipment. We propose a highly innovative study in this sub-group using intensive longitudinal data collection and cutting-edge time series analyses to understand complex, dynamic relationships among four factors identified as priorities in the RFA: (1) employment disruptions; (2) social and economic needs; (3) adherence to COVID-19 containment and mitigation recommendations; and (4) health indicators and behaviors. The study will produce estimates that can be used to model adherence to protective measures and disruption to daily needs, personal health, and health behaviors such as smoking in low-wage minority workers during pandemics.

项目概要/摘要 COVID-19 对低收入和少数族裔人口的影响是深远的，涵盖健康、 在密苏里州，就业、收入、食品、租金、交通和尿布和卫生纸等日常需求。 在进行家长研究和提出补充方案的地方，非洲裔美国人弥补了很多差异。 不足该州人口的 12%，但超过 40% 的 COVID-19 死亡人数——这是美国第二大差距 截至 2020 年 4 月 20 日，我们已在家长中登记了 1,743 名低收入每日吸烟者。 研究，一项测试两种戒烟干预措施的随机试验，超过一半的人报告了家庭年收入。 <10,000 美元，大多数 (59%) 是非裔美国人，许多 (30%) 也没有完成高中学业。 生病：50% 的人报告至少一种慢性病（28% 哮喘、20% 慢性阻塞性肺病、15% II 型糖尿病、10% 心脏病 2020 年 3 月 9 日至 4 月 16 日期间，56% 的人将自己的健康状况评为“一般”（39%）或“差”（17%）。 向 88 名参与者提供了 COVID-19 调查项目，他们对 COVID-19 的认知度很高，但具有保护性。 行为不一致，职业接触率很高：在工作人员中 – 74% 是非洲人 美国人——在新冠疫情期间，只有 19% 的人下班了，6% 的人在家工作。简而言之，工资很低。 少数吸烟者通常健康状况一般或较差，在外工作，与他人有更多接触， 但我们建议在该亚组中进行一项高度创新的研究，使用密集型设备。 纵向数据收集和前沿时间序列分析，以了解复杂、动态的情况 RFA 中确定为优先事项的四个因素之间的关系：(1) 就业中断；(2) 社会和就业问题； 经济需求；(3) 遵守 COVID-19 遏制和缓解建议；以及 (4) 健康 该研究将产生可用于建模遵守保护措施的估计值。 措施以及对日常需求、个人健康和健康行为的干扰，例如低薪吸烟 流行病期间的少数民族工人。