INCREASING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF ELDERS IN THE COMMUNITY

增加社区长者的体力活动

• 批准号: 2051184
• 负责人: Anita L. Stewart
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-06-01 至 1999-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2051184
• 关键词: aging; body physical activity; community health services; exercise; health behavior; health care cost /financing; health care service evaluation; human old age (65+); human subject; lifestyle; quality of life

Scientific evidence indicates that physical activity contributes in important ways to the improved health, functioning. and quality of life of older adults, which in turn enhance independence and contribute to reduced utilization of health care. A critical next step is to increase the physical activity levels of large segments of the older adult population, who are largely sedentary. This requires community-based, public-health oriented programs appropriate for all older adults as well as recruitment strategies that effectively recruit those who can most benefit yet who typically do not volunteer to join such programs. The Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) is among the first of such programs attempting to fill these needs, encouraging enrollees to participate in community-offered physical activity classes and programs. CHAMPS successfully increased physical activity levels in a sizeable proportion of enrollees over a 6-month period; those who did so experienced corresponding improvements in psychological well-being. Based on the results from this first-generation project, we propose to extend and improve the recruitment methods and the intervention. The specific aims are to: (1) implement, using a randomized, controlled design, a 1- year community-based intervention that is tailored to individual needs and preferences, combines use of physical activity classes offered by the community with home-based approaches, and targets underactive older adults (65+ years of age) enrolled in a Medicare HMO; (2) evaluate the effectiveness of the program in terms of increased physical activity levels, enhanced physical functioning and other aspects of health-related quality of life; (3) identify factors contributing to program adoption and refusal; (4) describe the effectiveness of innovative recruitment methods to reach those who can most benefit; and (5) evaluate cost-effectiveness. The emphasis is on increasing moderate-intensity endurance activities such as walking, swimming, and general conditioning exercises that expend calories and promote leg strength that are important to physical functioning, and that are relatively easy for seniors to participate in. Using principles of social cognitive and stages of change theories, each person will be encouraged to begin at his/her own level and gradually increase the frequency and duration of activity, aiming for a goal of 3-4 times weekly. Approximately 1,100 HMO enrollees will be screened by telephone and enumerated. Eligible persons will be proactively recruited using innovative methods to attend an introductory meeting where they will be invited to join. Of these, 240 will be randomized and followed for a 1- year period; the wait-list control group will receive the program at that time. Results will be evaluated using analysis of covariance and other multivariate methods. The goal of the study is to facilitate long-term lifestyle changes in physical activity patterns by developing a program that meets the needs of as many seniors as possible and can ultimately be integrated into a local senior center or a Medicare HMO as an ongoing service to older adults in the community.

科学证据表明，体育活动有助于 改善健康状况的重要方法。和生活质量 老年人又增强了独立性并有助于减少 利用医疗保健。下一步的关键是增加 老年人群的大部分段的体育活动水平， 在很大程度上久坐的人。这需要基于社区的公共卫生 适合所有老年人以及招聘的定向计划 有效招募那些最能受益的人的策略 通常不自愿加入此类程序。社区健康 老年人的活动模型计划（Champs）是其中的第一个 试图满足这些需求的程序，鼓励注册者 参加社区提供的体育活动课程和计划。 冠军成功提高了体育锻炼水平 在6个月内的参与者比例；那些这样做的人 在心理健康方面经历了相应的改善。基于 关于这个第一代项目的结果，我们建议扩展 并改善招聘方法和干预措施。具体 目的是：（1）使用随机，受控设计，1-实施 根据个人需求和 偏好，结合了对体育锻炼类别的使用 具有家庭方法的社区，目标不足的老年人 （65岁以上）参加了Medicare HMO； （2）评估 该计划的有效性在增加体育锻炼方面 水平，增强的身体功能和与健康有关的其他方面 生活质量； （3）确定导致计划采用的因素和 拒绝; （4）描述创新招聘方法的有效性 接触那些最能受益的人； （5）评估成本效益。 重点是增加中等强度的耐力活动 随着步行，游泳和一般的调理练习 卡路里并促进腿部力量，对身体很重要 功能，对于老年人来说相对容易参加。 使用社会认知原则和变革理论的阶段 将鼓励人从自己的水平开始，然后逐步 增加活动的频率和持续时间，旨在实现3-4的目标 每周一次。大约1,100 HMO参与者将被筛选 电话并枚举。合格的人将被主动招募 使用创新的方法参加他们将在其中的介绍性会议 被邀请加入。其中，240将被随机分配，并遵循1- 年期；等待名单对照组将在此收到该程序 时间。将使用协方差和其他分析来评估结果 多元方法。该研究的目的是促进长期 通过制定计划的生活方式改变体育活动模式 这满足了尽可能多的老年人的需求，最终可以 集成到当地的高级中心或Medicare HMO作为持续的 为社区中的老年人提供服务。