The effects of acute aerobic exercise on hippocampal function and microstructure in older adults

急性有氧运动对老年人海马功能及微结构的影响

• 批准号: 10548811
• 负责人: Daniel Callow
• 金额: $ 2.58万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-08-18
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10548811
• 关键词: Acute; Adult; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Age; Aging; Alzheimer disease prevention; Alzheimer' s Disease; Area; Behavioral Paradigm; Biological Markers; Brain; Career Mobility; Clinical Trials; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Data; Data Analyses; Dementia; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Discrimination; Economics; Educational Intervention; Elderly; Emotional; Environment; Exercise; Exhibits; Experimental Designs; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Hippocampus; Histologic; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Impaired cognition; Individual; Laboratories; Link; Measures; Memory; Memory Loss; Memory impairment; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Mission; Nerve Degeneration; Neurites; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neuronal Plasticity; Participant; Pathology; Pattern; Performance; Physical activity; Play; Predisposition; Preventive measure; Process; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rest; Retrieval; Risk; Rodent; Role; Scientist; Site; Societies; Stimulus; Structure; Techniques; Time; Tissues; Training; Work; age related; aging brain; angiogenesis; behavior measurement; cognitive function; cognitive task; computerized data processing; cost; cost effective; dementia risk; density; dentate gyrus; doctoral student; exercise intervention; exercise training; imaging modality; improved; indexing; lifestyle intervention; loved ones; memory process; mild cognitive impairment; modifiable risk; network dysfunction; neurogenesis; neuroimaging; neuroinflammation; neurophysiology; neuroprotection; neurotrophic factor; novel; novel marker; physical inactivity; preservation; prevent; primary outcome; protective effect; response; synaptogenesis; training opportunity; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract Memory decline is a pervasive complaint of older adults and can exact an enormous emotional, physical, and economic toll on individuals, their loved ones, and society. Meanwhile, physical inactivity is one of the most significant modifiable risk factors for dementia. Specifically, exercise and physical activity interventions appear to benefit and preserve the hippocampal subfield structures, regions that play a critical role in memory processes and are an early site of neurodegeneration and dementia progression. However, researchers and public health experts still do not know the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms by which exercise might afford these benefits. Without a comprehensive understanding of exercise's mechanistic effects on the aging brain, it remains hard to determine and implement optimized and individualized exercise training interventions. Thus, it is critical to conduct acute exercise studies using advanced neuroimaging and behavioral measures to characterize a single exercise session's underlying neurophysiological effects on the aging brain. This proposed project provides a unique training opportunity under established mentors centered on the impact of acute exercise on hippocampal subfield function and microstructure in older adults. To accomplish this, we will employ methods developed in each mentors’ laboratory, including pattern separation performance, task-based fMRI, and HARDI-based measures. The data from these cost- and time-efficient acute exercise studies can then be combined with and inform future optimized exercise training plans for older adults with memory deficits and who are at risk of cognitive decline. Previous acute exercise work has rarely used neuroimaging techniques or hippocampal subfield specific cognitive tasks, and even fewer have conducted these types of studies in older adults. Whereas previously we demonstrated that acute exercise elicits alterations in gross hippocampal function and structure, here we want to build on this work by concomitantly examining the impact of acute exercise on memory performance and hippocampal subfield function and microstructure. Therefore, the purpose of this project is to use an age-susceptible and highly hippocampal-specific pattern separation task, along with advanced functional and diffusion imaging methods to characterize the effects of acute exercise on hippocampal subfield microstructure and function in older adults following an acute bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. Using these advanced imaging protocols and a highly hippocampal-specific and age-susceptible behavioral paradigm in an acute exercise intervention will help elucidate the immediate effects of aerobic exercise on important age-susceptible memory networks. The results of this study will help future clinical trials implement optimized exercise interventions and neurophysiological measures that will be informative and beneficial for understanding the effects of exercise on the aging brain. Furthermore, this training opportunity will help establish a promising trajectory as an independent scientist.

项目摘要/摘要 记忆下降是老年人普遍存在的抱怨，并且可以完全激动， 身体，亲人和社会的身体和经济损失。刻那一刻，身体不活动是一个 痴呆症最重要的修改风险因素。具体而言，运动和体育锻炼 干预措施似乎受益并保留海马子场结构，该区域起着至关重要的区域 在记忆过程中的作用，是神经变性和痴呆进展的早期部位。然而， 研究人员和公共卫生专家仍然不知道通过 哪种练习可能会带来这些好处。没有对运动机械的全面理解 对衰老大脑的影响，很难确定和实施优化和个性化的运动 培训干预措施。这是至关重要的 行为措施以表征单个锻炼的基本神经生理影响对 衰老的大脑。这个拟议的项目以既定的导师为中心提供了独特的培训机会 关于急性运动对老年人海马子场功能和微观结构的影响。到 做到这一点，我们将采用每种心态中开发的方法，包括模式分离 绩效，基于任务的fMRI和基于HARDI的措施。这些成本和时间效率的数据 然后可以将急性锻炼研究与年龄较大的未来优化运动培训计划相结合并为 有记忆的成年人定义了有认知能力下降的风险。以前的急性运动工作很少 使用的神经影像学技术或海马子场特定的认知任务，甚至更少 在老年人中进行了这些类型的研究。而以前我们证明了急性运动 引起海马功能和结构的改变，我们希望在这项工作基于这项工作的基础上建立 同时检查急性锻炼对记忆性能和海马子场的影响 功能和微观结构。因此，该项目的目的是使用一个能够启发年龄且高度的 海马特异性模式分离任务，以及先进的功能和扩散成像方法 表征急性运动对海马子场微结构和老年人功能的影响 经过现代强度的有氧运动的急性回合。使用这些高级成像协议和 急性运动干预中的高度海马特异性和年龄爆发行为范式将 有助于阐明有氧运动对重要年龄启发性记忆网络的直接影响。 这项研究的结果将帮助未来的临床试验实施优化的运动干预措施，并 神经生理学的措施将有用和有益于理解运动的影响 衰老的大脑。此外，这个培训机会将有助于建立承诺的轨迹 独立科学家。