Employment Status, Psychosocial Functioning, and Chronic Inflammation Among Dementia Spousal Caregivers

痴呆症配偶照顾者的就业状况、心理社会功能和慢性炎症

• 批准号: 10538206
• 负责人: Jensine Paoletti
• 金额: $ 6.72万
• 依托单位: RICE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10538206
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Americas; Atherosclerosis; Bereavement; Cancer Fatigue; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caregiver Burden; Caregivers; Caring; Chronic; Chronic stress; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Dementia; Dementia caregivers; Emotions; Employee; Employment; Employment Status; Equilibrium; Exhibits; Family; Family Caregiver; Fatigue; Feeling; Foundations; Funding; Future; Health; Health Psychology; Hour; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Inflammatory Response; Intervention; Investigation; Lead; Leisures; Life; Linear Regressions; Longitudinal Studies; Malignant Neoplasms; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; National Research Service Awards; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Occupational Health; Occupations; Osteoporosis; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Poverty; Premature aging syndrome; Production; Psychoneuroimmunology; Psychosocial Factor; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Social Environment; Spouse Caregiver; Spouses; Stress; Testing; Time; Widow; Work; Workplace; base; cardiovascular risk factor; care giving burden; caregiving; cytokine; dementia caregiving; effective intervention; emotion regulation; experience; family caregiving; frailty; mortality; novel; perceived stress; physical conditioning; prognostic; psychosocial; retiree; stressor; theories

Project Summary/Abstract Caregiving for a spouse with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) is an extreme, chronic stressor. There are 16 million informal (i.e., unpaid) ADRD caregivers in America; ADRD caregivers have chronically elevated inflammation relative to their non-caregiver counterparts1–3. Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, type II diabetes, some cancers, fatigue, depression, premature aging, mortality, and Alzheimer's disease. ADRD caregivers often need to balance their caregiving duties with their employment responsibilities, as about half of all ADRD caregivers work over 20 hours per week4,5. To understand the impact of employment on ADRD caregivers’ psychosocial functioning and chronic inflammation, researchers must utilize theories and methods from occupational health psychology and psychoneuroimmunology. Compared to retired caregivers, employed caregivers experience two chronic stressors: employment and caregiving. Therefore, employed spousal caregivers may experience higher perceived stress than retired counterparts due to an additive effect of work stress plus caregiving stress. Working necessitates various demands and takes up a significant portion of time – time that could be used to care for their spouse or for their own rest and leisure. The time associated with employment, plus caregiving, may also result in employed caregivers evaluating their caregiving as more burdensome. This study aims to test the hypothesis that employment plus caregiving is related to poorer psychosocial functioning (i.e., perceived stress and subjective caregiver burden) and higher proinflammatory cytokine markers. Although inflammation has been implicated in studies of caregivers, very few studies have examined the inflammatory responses of caregivers’ workplace experiences6. Specific Aims: (1) To examine the role of employment status for ADRD spousal caregivers’ chronic inflammation. (2) To examine the role of employment status for ADRD spousal caregivers’ psychosocial functioning (i.e., perceived stress and caregiver burden). (3) To explore psychosocial functioning as mediators between employment status and chronic inflammation. Concurrent with an R01 project funded by NIA, this project will examine employment, psychosocial functioning, and chronic inflammation in a longitudinal study of 180 ADRD spousal caregivers (90 employed, 90 retired). Investigation of the relationship between employment and inflammation would further understanding of the role of employment as a risk factor for caregivers’ health. Results will yield important information for tailoring health interventions for ADRD caregivers. This proposed project will also introduce the applicant to psychoneuroimmunology and enable her research pipeline which will integrate occupational health psychology and psychoneuroimmunology.

项目摘要/摘要 照顾患有阿尔茨海默氏病和相关痴呆症（ADRD）的配偶是一种极端的慢性 压力源。美国有1600万非正式（即未付）的ADRD护理人员； Adrd护理人员拥有 相对于其非照顾者的炎症长期升高的炎症1-3。慢性炎症是一种风险 心血管疾病，动脉粥样硬化，II型糖尿病，一些癌症，疲劳，抑郁，抑郁症的因素 过早衰老，死亡率和阿尔茨海默氏病。 ADRD护理人员通常需要平衡他们的照料 雇佣责任的职责，因为大约有一半的ADRD护理人员工作20个小时 第4,5周。了解就业对Adrd护理人员的心理社会功能的影响 慢性炎症，研究人员必须利用占领健康心理学的理论和方法 和PsychOneuromumumumumunology。与退休的护理人员相比，受雇的护理人员经历了两次慢性 压力源：就业和照料。因此，受雇的配偶护理人员可能会经历更高的 由于工作压力的额外作用以及护理压力的额外作用，与退休的压力相比，人们所感知的压力比退休的压力。 工作必要的事情各种需求，并占用大量时间 - 可以用来用于的时间 照顾他们的配偶或自己的休息和休闲。与就业和照料相关的时间， 也可能导致受雇的护理人员评估他们的护理人员更繁重。这项研究旨在 检验以下假设，即就业和护理与较差的社会心理功能有关（即 感知的压力和主观的护理人员伯恩）和较高的促炎细胞因子标记物。虽然 在护理人员的研究中已经实施了炎症，很少有研究检查了炎症 护理人员工作场所经验的回应6。具体目的：（1）检查就业的作用 ADRD配偶护理人员的慢性感染状态。 （2）检查就业状况的作用 ADRD配偶护理人员的社会心理功能（即，感知到的压力和看护人伯宁）。 （3）到 在就业状况和慢性炎症之间探索社会心理功能。 与NIA资助的R01项目同时，该项目将检查就业，社会心理功能， 在一项对180名ADRD配偶护理人员的纵向研究中（90名员工，90名退休）。 对就业与炎症之间关系的调查将进一步了解 就业作为护理人员健康的危险因素的作用。结果将产生重要 针对ADRD护理人员调整健康干预措施的信息。这个提议的项目也将 将申请人介绍到PsychOneuromummumyology并启用她的研究管道，该管道将整合 职业健康心理学和心理免疫学。