Mechanism of nucleus-to-plastid light signaling in controlling plastid transcription

核到质体光信号传导控制质体转录的机制

• 批准号: 10534736
• 负责人: Meng Chen
• 金额: $ 30.26万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-07 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10534736
• 关键词: Arabidopsis; Bacterial RNA; Biochemical; Biochemistry; Bioenergetics; Biogenesis; Biological Assay; Biology; Cell Nucleus; Cellular biology; Chloroplasts; Communication; Complex; Cryoelectron Microscopy; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase; Data; Family; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic Models; Genetic Screening; Genetic Transcription; Genome; Genomic approach; Genomics; Goals; Human; Human Pathology; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Learning; Light; Malignant Neoplasms; Mediating; Mission; Mitochondria; Modeling; Molecular Genetics; Nuclear; Organelles; Organism; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Photoreceptors; Photosynthesis; Phytochrome; Plants; Plastids; Proteins; Public Health; Regulation; Repression; Research; Role; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Structure; Testing; Transcriptional Regulation; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; disability; genetic approach; human disease; innovation; novel; phyA phytochrome; programs; protein complex; reverse genetics; transcription factor

Abstract The control of organellar gene expression is critical for cellular programming of all eukaryotic organisms. While perturbing mitochondrial gene expression leads to human pathologies, including cancer, altering plastidial gene expression can kill plants. However, the cell signaling mechanisms that control organellar gene expression remain poorly understood. The long-term goal of the PI’s laboratory is to utilize photoreceptor-regulated chloroplast biogenesis in Arabidopsis as a genetic model to understand cell signaling mechanisms controlling organellar gene expression. The current data support the central hypothesis that the red and far-red photoreceptors, the phytochromes, induce the expression of plastid- encoded photosynthesis-associated genes through nucleus-to-plastid signaling that activates a bacterial- type plastidial RNA polymerase. Here the PI propose to utilize a combination of molecular genetics, biochemistry, structure biology, cell biology, and genomics approaches to (1) determine the activation mechanism of the bacterial-type RNA polymerase in plastids, (2) identify the nucleus-to-plastid signal that triggers the activation of the plastidial RNA polymerase, and (3) determine the phytochrome signaling mechanism that initiates the nucleus-to-plastid signaling in the nucleus. The proposed research is innovative because it utilizes photoreceptor signaling and chloroplast biogenesis in Arabidopsis as a genetic model to investigate a previously uncharacterized nucleus-to-organelle signaling pathway. The PI has developed new forward genetic screens and biochemical assays to identify components in the nucleus-to-plastid signaling and elucidate their signaling mechanisms. The proposed research is significant, because it is expected to uncover the photoreceptor signaling mechanisms controlling plastidial transcription - a long-standing gap in our knowledge of plant light signaling and chloroplast biogenesis. Because the control of transcription in plastids shares many similarities with that in mitochondria, what we learn in the plastid model is expected to enhance the understanding of the general principles of cell signaling mechanisms in controlling organellar gene expression, including the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression, and therefore, will ultimately contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the misregulations of mitochondrial gene expression in human diseases. !

抽象的 有机基因表达的控制对于所有真核生物的细胞编程至关重要。 在干扰线粒体基因表达的同时导致人类病理，包括癌症，改变 质体基因表达可以杀死植物。但是，控制细胞器的细胞信号传导机制 基因表达仍然知之甚少。 PI实验室的长期目标是利用 拟南芥中受感受器调节的叶绿体生物发生，作为一种遗传模型，以了解细胞 控制有机基因表达的信号传导机制。当前数据支持中央 假说红色和远红感受器，植物色素会影响质体的表达 通过核与塑料信号传导编码的光合作用相关基因，该基因激活细菌 - 型质体RNA聚合酶。在这里，PI的建议是利用分子遗传学的组合， 生物化学，结构生物学，细胞生物学和基因组学方法（1）确定激活 细菌型RNA聚合酶在塑料中的机制，（2）确定核对核信号 触发质体RNA聚合酶的激活，（3）确定植物色素信号传导 启动细胞核中核对塑料信号的机制。拟议的研究是 创新性，因为它利用拟南芥中的感光受体信号传导和叶绿体生物发生为一种 遗传模型研究了先前未表征的核对核信号通路。 pi 已经开发了新的远期遗传筛选和生化测定法，以识别 核对核信号传导并阐明其信号传导机制。拟议的研究很重要， 因为预计将发现控制质体转录的感光器信号传导机制 - 我们对植物光信号传导和叶绿体生物发生的长期差距。因为 塑料中转录的控制与线粒体有许多相似之处，我们在 预期质体模型将增强对细胞信号机制的一般原理的理解 在控制有机流基因表达时，包括线粒体基因表达的调节和 因此，最终将有助于理解对不正当的机制的理解 人类疾病中的线粒体基因表达。 呢