Genomic Epidemiology of Campylobacter in Poultry to Enable the Effective Control of Human Campylobacteriosis in a Middle Income Country

家禽弯曲杆菌的基因组流行病学能够有效控制中等收入国家的人类弯曲杆菌病

• 批准号: 10518853
• 负责人: Francesca Schiaffino
• 金额: $ 15.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA CAYETANO HEREDIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10518853
• 关键词: Animals; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial Resistance; Attention; Birds; Campylobacter; Campylobacter coli; Campylobacter infection; Campylobacter jejuni; Chickens; Child; Childhood; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Country; Development; Development Plans; Diarrhea; Disease model; Domestic Fowls; Drug resistance; Drug-resistant Campylobacter; Ecology; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Etiology; Europe; Evolution; Exposure to; Food; Food Handling; Food Processing; Food Safety; Genome; Genomics; Goals; Guillain Barré Syndrome; Health; Household; Human; Income; Individual; Industrialization; Infection; Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Intervention; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Link; Location; Macrolide-resistance; Macrolides; Measures; Mentors; Mentorship; Metagenomics; Methodology; Microbiology; Molecular Epidemiology; Morbidity - disease rate; Multi-Drug Resistance; Nested Case-Control Study; Outcome; Paralysed; Pediatric cohort; Peru; Peruvian; Policies; Population; Positioning Attribute; Poultry Products; Production; Public Health; Publications; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resistance; Resource-limited setting; Resources; Risk Factors; Rotation; Science; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Syndrome; System; Training; World Health Organization; Zoonoses; antimicrobial; base; career development; clinically relevant; commensal microbes; community based participatory research; design; disorder control; enteritis; epidemiologic data; fluoroquinolone resistance; genomic epidemiology; global health; improved; low and middle-income countries; microbial genome; microbial genomics; pathogen; priority pathogen; programs; responsible research conduct; safety practice; transmission process; undercooked; whole genome

PROJECT SUMMARY The zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter is among the principal etiologies of diarrhea in children living in low resource settings. Emergence of multi drug resistance against clinically relevant antimicrobials including fluroquinolones and macrolides make it a high-priority pathogen by the World Health Organization. However, the molecular epidemiology and ecology of this pathogen in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) remains unresolved. This knowledge gap is especially evident in the pathogen’s main host: the chicken. Preliminary evidence suggests that there are sufficient genomic features to differentiate Campylobacter populations between small-scale and industrially scaled poultry. This K43 Emerging Global Leader career development award aims to study and compare the molecular epidemiology and ecology of MDR Campylobacteriosis in industrially and domestically reared poultry within a highly endemic setting. This will be achieved through i) the detailed study of genomic features of Campylobacter populations from backyard reared and industrially produced poultry, ii) the assessment of Campylobacter genomic determinants of multi-drug resistance in backyard reared and industrially produced poultry, and iii) the linkage of epidemiologic data of locally reported antibiotic exposures and genomic signals of drug resistance. The results from this study will critically contribute to the human source attribution models of disease being built in the study under which this project is nested (an ongoing pediatric cohort and nested case control studying the transmission dynamics of Campylobacter in the Peruvian Amazon). To fulfill these goals, an accomplished group of mentors will collectively provide mentorship and train the candidate, Dr. Francesca Schiaffino. Dr. Schiaffino proposes a career development plan that includes advanced methodological training in genomic analysis (through coursework, personalized training sessions and on-site scholarly rotations), publications, grantsmanship and continued training in responsible conduct of research within the context of global health. The main mentoring committee is composed of world-class experts in the field, including Dr. Margaret N. Kosek (infectious diseases, epidemiology), Dr. Carlos Shiva (veterinary microbiology, poultry science), Dr. Craig T. Parker (microbial genomics), Dr. Kerry Cooper (bacterial genomics and targeted metagenomic analysis), Dr. Samuel Sheppard and Dr. Ben Pascoe (Campylobacter ecology and evolution, source attribution studies), and Mrs, Maribel Paredes (community based participatory research, project management). Dr. Schiaffino’s career development plan has been sequentially designed with the objective of positioning her as an independent veterinary scientist and epidemiologist with expertise in bacterial genomics with the overall objective of improving human and animal health through safe and robust food systems.

项目摘要 人畜共动性病原体弯曲杆菌是生活在低处的儿童的腹泻的主要病因之一 资源设置。对临床相关抗菌剂的多种耐药性的出现 Fluroquinolones和Macrolides使其成为世界卫生组织的高优先性病原体。但是， 低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）的病原体的分子流行病学和生态学仍然存在 未解决。在病原体的主要宿主：鸡肉中，这种知识差距尤其是证据。初步的 证据表明，有足够的基因组特征可以区分弯曲杆菌的种群 小规模和工业规模的家禽。这个K43新兴全球领导者职业发展奖的目标 研究和比较工业和 在高度内部人体环境中，国内饲养的家禽。这将通过i）详细研究 后院饲养和工业生产的弯曲杆菌种群的基因组特征，ii） 评估后院饲养和工业中多药耐药性的弯曲杆菌基因组决定 产生的蛋白质和iii）局部报道的抗生素暴露和基因组的流行病学数据的联系 耐药性信号。这项研究的结果将对人类来源属性产生重大贡献 该项目嵌套的研究中建立了疾病模型（正在进行的小儿队列和 嵌套的病例控制研究秘鲁亚马逊弯曲杆菌的传播动力学。实现 这些目标是一群成熟的导师，将共同提供指导，并培训候选人，博士。 Francesca Schiaffino。 Schiaffino博士提出了一项职业发展计划，其中包括高级方法论 基因组分析的培训（通过课程，个性化培训课程和现场科学轮换）， 出版物，授予技巧和继续培训负责任的研究 全球健康。主要的心理委员会由该领域的世界一流专家组成，包括博士。 玛格丽特·N·科塞克（Margaret N. 科学），Craig T. Parker博士（微生物基因组学），Kerry Cooper博士（细菌基因组学并针对性 元基因组分析），塞缪尔·谢泼德（Samuel Sheppard）博士和本·帕斯科（Ben Pascoe） 来源属性研究）和Maribel Paredes夫人（基于社区的参与研究，项目 管理）。 Schiaffino博士的职业发展计划是依次设计的，目的是 将她定位为细菌基因组专家的独立兽医科学家和流行病学家 总体目的是通过安全，强大的食品系统改善人类和动物健康。