Perceived Control and Cognitive Aging: Pathways to Preserve Cognitive Functioning and Reduce Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease in Socioeconomically Diverse Populations

感知控制和认知衰老：在社会经济多元化人群中保持认知功能并降低阿尔茨海默氏病风险的途径

• 批准号: 10517595
• 负责人: Jeremy Hamm
• 金额: $ 40.53万
• 依托单位: NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10517595
• 关键词: Address; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; American; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Belief; Buffers; Characteristics; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Collection; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Elderly; Emotions; Fingers; Funding; Goals; Health; Health Status; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Motivation; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Persons; Physical activity; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Process; Psychological Factors; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Sleep; Socioeconomic Status; Testing; Time; United States; Work; acute symptom; age related; base; cognitive function; evidence base; field study; global health; human old age (65+); innovation; low socioeconomic status; middle age; mortality; negative affect; preservation; prospective; psychologic; secondary analysis; sociodemographics; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics; therapy design; Address; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; American; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Belief; Buffers; Characteristics; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Collection; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Elderly; Emotions; Fingers; Funding; Goals; Health; Health Status; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Motivation; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Persons; Physical activity; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Process; Psychological Factors; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Sleep; Socioeconomic Status; Testing; Time; United States; Work; acute symptom; age related; base; cognitive function; evidence base; field study; global health; human old age (65+); innovation; low socioeconomic status; middle age; mortality; negative affect; preservation; prospective; psychologic; secondary analysis; sociodemographics; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics; therapy design

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The number of Americans with Alzheimer’s disease-related dementias will nearly triple by 2060 without major scientific advances in knowledge of modifiable factors that can be targeted using interventions. One modifiable psychological resource linked to the preservation of cognitive functioning involves the beliefs people hold about their ability to influence important outcomes in their lives (perceived control). However, little is known about how (mechanistic pathways) perceived control protects against short-term and long-term declines in cognitive functioning or whether its protective influence differs across populations that vary in risk of cognitive decline due to disparities in socioeconomic resources. These critical knowledge gaps are due to limitations in prior research that has largely focused on establishing main effect associations between perceived control and cognitive functioning over either very brief (one-week) or very extended (multi-year) time windows. In this new investigator application, we will address these problems using a real-world, contextual approach to systematically assess how and under which conditions perceived control buffers against declines in cognition across multiple time- scales (days, months, years). We will pursue the following specific aims: 1) identify the motivation, emotion, and health behavior change processes that mediate the association between perceived control and multi-timescale changes in cognitive functioning; 2) determine the extent to which the association between perceived control and multi-timescale changes in cognitive functioning is more pronounced for middle-aged and older adults with limited socioeconomic resources. We will pursue these aims using an innovative approach that generates new micro-longitudinal data and also leverages pre-existing macro-longitudinal data. New micro-longitudinal data will be collected on dynamic daily and monthly changes in perceived control, motivation, emotion, health behaviors, and cognitive functioning in a regional sample of 200 middle-aged and older adults (4 weekly bursts over 1.5 years). Pre-existing macro-longitudinal data on 9-year changes in the same measures will be obtained from the national Midlife in the United States study. This unique approach permits a systematic analysis of the mediated (Aim 1) and moderated (Aim 2) pathways linking perceived control to changes in cognition that unfold over days, months, and years. The proposed research will address the urgent need to identify modifiable psychological and behavioral factors underlying socioeconomic disparities in cognitive aging and the timescales (days, months, years) at which these factors have their strongest influence. This knowledge will inform evidence-based approaches on when (at which timescale) it is most effective to target changes in psychobehavioral resources to preserve cognitive functioning for populations at increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease-related dementias.

项目摘要/摘要 到2060年，与阿尔茨海默氏病有关的美国人人数将几乎三倍 科学进步的可修改因素的知识进步可以使用干预措施来定位。一个可修改 与认知功能保存有关的心理资源涉及人们所拥有的信念 他们影响生活中重要结果的能力（感知到控制）。但是，关于如何 （机械途径）感知控制可预防短期和长期认知的下降 功能或其保护性影响的影响是否会因应得的认知下降风险而变化 与社会经济资源的差异。这些关键的知识差距是由于先前研究的局限性 这主要集中于建立感知控制与认知之间的主要效应关联 在非常简短的（一周）或非常延长（多年）的时间窗口上运行。在这个新调查员中 应用，我们将使用现实世界中的上下文方法来解决这些问题 如何以及在哪些条件下感知控制缓冲液在多个时间内的认知下降 - 鳞片（天，月，年）。我们将追求以下具体目标：1）确定动机，情感和 健康行为变化过程，介导感知控制与多时间尺度之间的关联 认知功能的变化； 2）确定感知控制之间的关联程度 对于中年和老年人，认知功能的多次变化更为明显 有限的社会经济资源。我们将使用创新的方法来追求这些目标，从而产生新的目标 微观数据，还利用了预先存在的宏观垂直数据。新的微型数据将 在感知到的控制，动机，情感，健康行为的每日和每月变化上收集 在200名中年和老年人的区域样本中的认知功能（每周4次超过1.5 年）。从同一措施中获得的9年变化的宏观态数据将从 美国研究中的国家中年研究。这种独特的方法允许对中介的系统分析 （AIM 1）和调节（AIM 2）将感知控制与认知变化联系在一起的途径 几个月和几年。拟议的研究将涉及确定可改变心理和的迫切需求 认知衰老和时间尺度的社会经济差异的行为因素（天，月， 几年）这些因素具有强烈的影响。这些知识将为循证提供信息 方法是何时（在哪个时间表上）靶向心理狂热资源的变化是最有效的 为了保护人口的认知功能，以增加阿尔茨海默氏病与疾病相关的痴呆症的风险增加。