Role of the microbiome of the schistosome snail host

血吸虫宿主微生物组的作用

基本信息

批准号：
10511904
负责人：
Frederic David Chevalier
金额：
$ 24.75万
依托单位：
TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-05-26 至 2024-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10511904
关键词：
16S ribosomal RNA sequencing Animals Bacteria Bacterial Infections Biology Biomphalaria Blood Caliber Cellulose Coculture Techniques Communities Culicidae Data Development Disease Environment Environmental Risk Factor Essential Amino Acids Exposure to Feminization Food Fresh Water Gardenal Genotype Germ-Free Goals Growth Health Hemolymph Hepatopancreas Human body Individual Infection Insect Vectors Intervention Invertebrates Knowledge Laboratories Laboratory culture Larva Lead Left Leishmania Measures Mediating Modification Mus Obesity Organ Parasites Parthenogenesis Phlebotominae Pigments Planet Earth Play Population Predisposition Production Resistance Ribosomal DNA Ribosomal RNA Role Sampling Schistosoma Schistosoma mansoni Schistosome Parasite Schistosomiasis Snails Sporocysts Sterility Testing Tissues Trypanosoma Tsetse Flies Vitamins Water Wolbachia aquarium computerized data processing density egg experimental study fitness gut microbiome infection rate life history malaria transmission microbial microbiome microbiome alteration microbiome composition microbiome research microbiome sequencing microorganism next generation sequencing novel prevent trait transmission process treatment group vector

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The microbiome – the community of microorganisms that inhabit both the human body and that of multiple other animal phyla – is increasingly recognized to play an important role in many aspects of biology and as a key determinant of health and disease. In invertebrates, symbiotic bacteria are involved in synthesizing essential aminoacids or vitamins, in digesting cellulose, in protection against parasites, in feminization and parthenogenesis, and even in speciation. In insect vectors, there are multiple examples of interactions between resident microbiomes and parasites: the sandfly gut microbiome mediates Leishmania transmission, Wolbachia bacteria can disrupt malaria transmission in mosquitoes, while the microbiome of both reduviid bugs and tsetse flies mediates trypanosome infection. Our goal is to study the microbiome of the freshwater snail Biomphalaria, vector of schistosomiasis: six lines of evidence suggest a possible role for the microbiome in the Biomphalaria - Schistosoma mansoni interaction: (i) the snail hemolymph (blood), to which sporocyst stage schistosomes are continuously exposed, harbors a diverse microbiome, (ii) this microbiome is differentiated from other organ microbiomes and shows the greatest microbial diversity within snails, (iii) different laboratory snail populations have a distinctive microbiome composition, (iv) co-culture of different snail populations results in rapid change in microbiome composition, (v) snail genotypes from a single population that are resistant or sensitive to schistosome infection have distinctive microbiomes and (vi) schistosome infection results in altered microbiome composition. In specific aim 1 we will directly test the impact of microbiome on snail host development and schistosome parasite susceptibility. This will be done by generating germ-free snails, just as germ-free mice have been used to understand the direct role of the microbiome in obesity. Microbiomes are dynamic and may vary in composition and abundance due to environmental factors. These microbiome modifications can even lead to host health and fitness alterations. Specific aim 2 will focus on the impact of microbiome modification on snail host fitness using long term co-culture (or common garden) of snail populations carrying distinctive microbiomes. We will characterize sampled microbiomes using next generation sequencing of the 16S ribosomal DNA. This project will (i) provide fundamental information about microbiome dynamics and composition, (ii) determine the role of the microbiome in the snail-schistosome interactions and snail ftiness, and (iii) has strong potential to reveal new aspects of the snail-microbiome-parasite interaction that can be targeted by novel interventions.

项目摘要微生物组 - 影响人体和多重生物的微生物社区其他动物门 - 越来越多地承认在生物学的许多方面都起着重要作用健康和疾病的关键决定者。在无脊椎动物中，共生细菌参与合成必要的氨基酸或维生素，在消化纤维素，防止寄生虫，女性化和孤phenenenogenogeny，甚至在规范中。在昆虫矢量中，有许多相互作用的例子居民微生物组和寄生虫：sandfly肠道微生物组培养基利什曼尼亚传播， Wolbachia细菌会破坏蚊子中的疟疾传播，而两种重新维虫的微生物组和采集蝇会介导锥体感染。我们的目标是研究淡水蜗牛的微生物组生物脑，血吸虫病的载体：六条证据表明，微生物组在生物掌 - 曼氏菌相互作用：（i）蜗牛血淋巴（血）血块持续暴露，藏有潜水员微生物组，（ii）该微生物组有区别来自其他器官微生物组，显示蜗牛中最大的微生物多样性，（iii）不同的实验室蜗牛种群具有独特的微生物组组成，（iv）不同蜗牛种群的共同培养结果在微生物组组成的快速变化中，（v）来自抗药性或对血吸虫感染敏感的具有独特的微生物组和（VI）的螺旋体感染会导致改变微生物组组成。在特定目标1中，我们将直接测试微生物组对蜗牛宿主的影响开发和棘体寄生虫的敏感性。这将通过产生无菌蜗牛来完成无菌小鼠已被用来了解微生物组在肥胖症中的直接作用。微生物组是由于环境因素而导致的组成和抽象可能会有所不同。这些微生物组修改甚至可以导致托管健康和健身改变。具体目标2将侧重于使用蜗牛的长期共文化（或普通花园）对蜗牛宿主健身的微生物组修饰携带独特微生物组的种群。我们将使用下一代来表征采样的微生物组 16S核糖体DNA的测序。该项目将（i）提供有关微生物组的基本信息动力学和组成，（ii）确定微生物组在蜗牛 - 尖端体相互作用和蜗牛的FTINESS和（iii）具有巨大的潜力，可以揭示蜗牛 - 微生物 - 寄生虫相互作用的新方面这可以通过新颖的干预措施来定位。