Arsenic and other co-metals in the San Carlos Apache drinking water

圣卡洛斯阿帕奇饮用水中的砷和其他共金属

• 批准号: 10480930
• 负责人: Christine Samuel-Nakamura
• 金额: $ 15.7万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10480930
• 关键词: Address; Age; Air; American Indians; Apache; Area; Arizona; Arsenic; Asbestos; Assessment tool; Behavioral Sciences; Biological Models; Bladder; Breast; Cadmium; Carcinogens; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic; Clinical Sciences; Communities; Consumption; Copper; County; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Dose; Education; Elements; Enrollment; Environment; Excess Mortality; Exposure to; Female Breast Carcinoma; Food; Foundations; Future; General Population; Geographic Information Systems; Geological Survey; Geology; Goals; Grant; Health; Health Resources; Health Services; Health care facility; Healthcare; Incidence; Ingestion; International Agency for Research on Cancer; International Classification of Disease Codes; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Kidney; Knowledge; Lead; Leadership; Link; Literature; Logistic Regressions; Lung; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Malignant neoplasm of urinary bladder; Maps; Medical; Metal exposure; Metals; Mining; Mission; Monitor; Movement; Nitrates; Non-accidental; Odds Ratio; Outcome; Persons; Pilot Projects; Policy Developments; Population; Prevention; Privatization; Prostate; Recording of previous events; Records; Renal carcinoma; Reporting; Research Personnel; Reservations; Resource Allocation; Resources; Risk; Rural Community; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Scientist; Screening for cancer; Silver; Skin; Skin Cancer; Social Sciences; Soil; Source; Statutes and Laws; Surveillance Program; System; Testing; Time; Training; Tribes; Underserved Population; United States Environmental Protection Agency; United States Indian Health Service; Uranium; Water; Water Pollutants; Work; anthropogenesis; base; cancer diagnosis; cancer health disparity; case control; design; drinking water; health record; high risk; improved; improved outcome; intertribal; malignant breast neoplasm; melanoma; mortality; neoplasm registry; novel; poor communities; reproductive outcome; response; sex; suburban communities; tribal health; tribal healthcare; tribal leader; tribal member; underserved community; urinary; water quality; well water

ABSTRACT. The broad, long-term objectives of this K01 project are to improve the health of Apache American Indians through a study that examines the association between cancer (CA) outcomes and Arsenic (As), co- metals, and nitrate on the San Carlos Apache (SCA) reservation in Arizona. The study setting has an extensive history of hard rock mining since the early 1900s when uranium (U), copper, silver, and asbestos were extracted. Anthropogenic causes and naturally occurring elements can cause movement of As and co-metals into the environment and may result in adverse health effects. Arsenic is a known carcinogen and is associated with diabetes, adverse reproductive outcomes, and cardiovascular disease. A main goal of this pilot study is to develop and implement an exposure assessment tool (EAT) to study cancers and to use in the future to examine the association between exposures and multiple adverse health outcomes. The specific aims are to: 1) characterize historical water data by time and recorded As, Cd, Pb, U, and nitrate concentration levels from 1981-2021, 2) examine the association between chronically elevated As, Cd, Pb, U, and nitrate in water and CA outcomes (bladder, kidney, prostate, lung, breast, and skin), 3) analyze and apply a Geographic Information System (GIS) model to map high-risk (As, Cd, Pb, U, nitrate) areas based on this EAT, and 4) provide study findings to tribal members and leaders. A retrospective pair matched case-control (N = 160) design will be employed. Decades of As, Cd, Pb, U, and nitrates concentration levels recorded by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), tribal EPA, and US Geological Survey from areas known to have elevated As, co-metal and nitrate concentration levels will be collected. Local tribal health/Indian Health Service (IHS) records will be examined for CA diagnoses and mortality (using ICD codes) reported by the IHS, tribal health, private health records, state CA registries, and mortality records of the past 10 years. Study controls will be selected from SCA enrollment data and matched to cases by sex and age. Odds Ratios will be reported using logistic regression to determine associations between exposure risk and outcomes. A dose response between chronic As, Cd, Pb, U, and nitrate water ingestion and reported cancers are anticipated. This is the first local study to retrospectively examine water contaminant levels in relation to multiple CA outcomes. The data will form the foundation for an R01 intervention study to educate, screen, and identify risks for adverse health outcomes among residents. Findings will be disseminated to tribal members and leaders, healthcare facilities, and the general population. This study has the potential to augment prevention efforts, intervention, education, monitoring/surveillance, and can support policy development and legislation. The project will reach a nationally underserved population in the biomedical, social, behavioral, and clinical sciences and is in alignment with training diverse scientists in fields per the NCI grant purpose and mission. The study addresses CA disparities in an underserved community while advancing scientific knowledge.

抽象的。这个K01项目的广泛长期目标是改善Apache American的健康 印度人通过一项研究，研究癌症（CA）结局与砷（AS），共同的研究 金属和亚利桑那州圣卡洛斯·阿帕奇（SCA）保留地上的硝酸盐。研究环境有广泛的 自1900年代初期铀（U），铜，银和石棉以来，硬石采矿的历史 提取。人为原因和自然发生的元素可能会导致AS和共金属的运动 进入环境，可能导致不利的健康影响。砷是一种已知的致癌物，是相关的 糖尿病，不良生殖结果和心血管疾病。这项试验研究的主要目标是 开发和实施曝光评估工具（EAT）以研究癌症并将来使用 检查暴露与多种不良健康结果之间的关联。具体目的是： 1）通过时间来表征历史水数据，并将其记录为CD，Pb，U和硝酸盐浓度水平 1981-2021，2）检查慢性升高AS，CD，Pb，U和硝酸盐与水中的关联 CA结果（膀胱，肾脏，前列腺，肺，乳房和皮肤），3）分析并应用地理 信息系统（GIS）模型以绘制基于此饮食的高风险（AS，CD，PB，U，硝酸盐）区域，4） 向部落成员和领导人提供研究结果。回顾对匹配的案例对照（n = 160） 设计将被使用。美国记录的数十年AS，CD，PB，U和硝酸盐浓度水平 环境保护局（EPA），部落EPA和美国地质调查局已知的地区 将收集升高的AS，二氮和硝酸盐浓度水平。当地部落健康/印度卫生 服务（IHS）记录将检查CA诊断和死亡率（使用ICD代码），由IHS报告， 过去10年的部落健康，私人健康记录，州CA注册和死亡率记录。学习 控制措施将从SCA注册数据中选择，并与性别和年龄相匹配。赔率将是 报告使用逻辑回归来确定暴露风险和结果之间的关联。剂量 预计慢性AS，CD，PB，U和硝酸盐摄入水和报告的癌症之间的反应。 这是回顾性检查与多个CA相关的水污染物水平的首次本地研究 结果。数据将构成R01干预研究的基础，以教育，筛查和识别风险 对于居民的不利健康结果。调查结果将被传播给部落成员和领导人， 医疗机构和普通人群。这项研究有可能增加预防努力， 干预，教育，监视/监视，并可以支持政策制定和立法。这 项目将在生物医学，社会，行为和临床的全国范围内到达全国服务不足的人群 根据NCI赠款的目的和使命，科学和与培训各种科学家的培训科学家保持一致。 该研究解决了服务不足的社区中的CA差异，同时促进科学知识。