Identifying the Distribution, Origin, and Threat of Plasmodium vivax in the DRC

确定刚果民主共和国间日疟原虫的分布、来源和威胁

• 批准号: 10470085
• 负责人: Nicholas Ford Brazeau
• 金额: $ 4.15万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10470085
• 关键词: Adult; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Blood specimen; Child; Country; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Demographic and Health Surveys; Epidemiology; Factor Analysis; Genetic; Geographic Distribution; Geography; Goals; High Prevalence; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Infectious Disease Epidemiology; International; Intervention; Knowledge; Malaria; Maps; Measures; Medicine; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Mutation; Parasites; Phenotype; Physicians; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax; Population; Population Genetics; Population Study; Postdoctoral Fellow; Prevalence; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Proposals; Risk Factors; Sampling; Scientist; Source; Surveys; Time; Training; Treatment Protocols; Vivax Malaria; Woman; base; disability-adjusted life years; epidemiology study; genetic approach; genome sequencing; genomic epidemiology; identity by descent; individualized medicine; infection risk; innovation; men; mortality; multilevel analysis; novel; pathogen; programs; screening; skills; statistics; transmission process; vector mosquito; whole genome

Project Abstract Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax causes significant global morbidity and even mortality each year. However, it has long been considered absent from Sub-Saharan Africa due to the high prevalence of a mutation that confers the Duffy-negative phenotype and protects the host from infection. Although the Duffy-negative phenotype has been previously shown to be protective, recent reports from Sub-Saharan Africa have identified active transmission of P. vivax among Duffy-negative hosts. This indication that P. vivax can infect Duffy- negative hosts raises several questions, including where are infections occurring, who is being infected, where are these infections being sourced from, and finally, the history and extent of ongoing transmission. The objective of this proposal is to fill this critical gap in knowledge and provide public health officials with the information needed to form strategies for targeted interventions. In this proposal, we will use data collected by the Demographic Health Survey (DHS) during the 2013-2014 Standard DHS Survey of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Study ID: DRC DHS-II). This nationally representative survey included approximately 25,000 adult men, women, and children across the DRC. From each individual, we have over 500 demographic and behavioral covariates, P. vivax malaria status, and geographical information. Using this robust dataset, the Specific Aims of this proposal are: (1) Map P. vivax prevalence and identify risk factors associated with infection in the Democratic Republic of the Congo using the 2013-2014 Demographic Health Survey and (2) Using whole genome sequencing, identify the source of infection and determine the extent of ongoing transmission among the Democratic Republic of the Congo P. vivax population. Through this research proposal and associated training plan, I will gain a unique and interdisciplinary skill-set that combines epidemiology with population genetics in an innovative manner that is at the forefront of infectious disease epidemiology. This training will provide me with the technical, statistical, and professional skills I need to become a leader at an academic center and to pursue my goals of practicing international medicine and research as a physician scientist.

项目摘要 由于疟原虫的疟疾，每年都会引起明显的全球发病率甚至死亡率。但是，它 由于突变的高流行率 赋予达菲阴性表型并保护宿主免受感染。虽然达菲阴性 撒哈拉以南非洲的最新报告已经确定 Duffy阴性主宿主的主动传播。这种迹象表明，维瓦克斯可以感染达菲 - 负宿主提出了几个问题，包括在哪里发生感染，被感染的人，哪里 这些感染是否来自持续传播的历史和程度。这 该建议的目的是填补这一重要差距，并为公共卫生官员提供 为有针对性的干预制定策略所需的信息。 在此提案中，我们将使用2013 - 2014年人口健康调查（DHS）收集的数据 刚果民主共和国的标准DHS调查（研究ID：DRC DHS-II）。这在全国范围内 代表性调查包括大约25,000名成年男性，女性和刚果不清的儿童。从 每个人，我们都有500多个人口统计和行为协变量，维瓦克斯疟疾状况，以及 地理信息。使用此强大的数据集，该提案的具体目的是：（1）地图P. Vivax 流行率并确定刚果民主共和国感染相关的危险因素 使用2013-2014人口统计健康调查以及（2）使用整个基因组测序，确定 感染来源并确定民主共和国持续传播的程度 刚果P. Vivax人口。 通过该研究建议和相关培训计划，我将获得独特的跨学科技能 以创新的方式将流行病学与人口遗传学相结合，这是 传染病流行病学。这项培训将为我提供技术，统计和专业 我需要成为学术中心的领导者需要的技能，并追求实践国际的目标 医学和研究是医师科学家。

项目成果

Loss of daptomycin susceptibility in clinical Staphylococcus epidermidis infection coincided with variants in WalK.

• DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoaa031
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Evolution, medicine, and public health
• 作者: Brazeau NF;Levinson KJ;Schranz A;Moser KA;Hollis I;Iyer P;Chien C;Bowen A;van Duin D;Lachiewicz A;Andermann T;Jones M;Miller M;Juliano JJ;Bartelt LA
• 通讯作者: Bartelt LA

Strong isolation by distance and evidence of population microstructure reflect ongoing Plasmodium falciparum transmission in Zanzibar.

距离的强烈隔离和种群微观结构的证据反映了桑给巴尔正在发生的恶性疟原虫传播。

• DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.15.23285960
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
• 作者: Connelly,SeanV;Brazeau,NicholasF;Msellem,Mwinyi;Ngasala,BillyE;Aydemir,Özkan;Goel,Varun;Niaré,Karamoko;Giesbrecht,DavidJ;Popkin-Hall,ZacharyR;Hennelly,ChristopherM;Park,Zackary;Moormann,AnnM;Ong'echa,JohnMichael;Verity,R
• 通讯作者: Verity,R