Investigating Latinx populations’ attitudes, perceptions, and use of genomic testing

调查拉丁裔人群的态度、看法和基因组测试的使用

基本信息

批准号：
10464378
负责人：
Daniel Chavez-Yenter
金额：
$ 3.66万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-08-16 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10464378
关键词：
Achievement Address Area Attitude Behavioral Behavioral Model Benefits and Risks Black Populations Caring Chemoprevention Cohort Studies Communication Communication Research Communities Diffusion Equation Ethnic group Gender Genetic Genetic Research Genomic medicine Genomics Goals Grant Health Human Genome Project Influentials Intention Interdisciplinary Study Intervention Intervention Studies Interview Knowledge Latino Latinx Latinx population Malignant Neoplasms Medical Mentors Methods Modeling National Human Genome Research Institute Neonatal Screening Outcome Participant Perception Phase Population Positioning Attribute Predictive Factor Prevention Privacy Provider Public Health Race Recommendation Research Research Personnel Research Training Resources Sampling Scholarship Site Strategic Planning Surveys Technology Testing Training Translating Translational Research Underrepresented Populations Underserved Population Work base cancer genetics cancer predisposition carrier testing community based research design ethnic minority experience genetic testing health equity health inequalities hereditary risk implementation intervention improved innovation interest novel programs racial minority racial minority population screening guidelines social health determinants translational approach underserved community

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Genomic medicine has transformed prevention, care, and targeted medical regiments through the milestone achievements of Human Genome Project and the advent of genetic testing for health purposes. Germline genetic testing focused on hereditary risk, the focus of this proposal, can include various types and purposeful testing like carrier screening, newborn screening, and cancer predisposition testing, etc. This tests have already enabled genetic providers to improve health outcomes for many with increased screening recommendations, prevention efforts (chemoprevention), and behavioral change recommendations. However, the diffusion of genetic testing for underserved groups, specifically Latinx (gender neutral use of Latino/a/e) groups, remains a major challenge. Despite a strong interest in using genetic testing, there remains a dearth of research on facilitating and barrier factors for Latinx populations. Thus, the goal of this proposal is to empirically examine Latinx individuals' experiences with genetic testing, their attitudes, and identify perceived facilitators and barriers to testing. In particular, I will characterize salient attitudes, facilitators, and barriers of Latinx individuals towards genetic testing for health purposes using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design (Aim 1). The first phase of the study (Aim 1A) will characterize salient attitudes, facilitators, and barriers of 20 Latinx individuals towards genetic testing for health purposes using semistructured elicitation interviews. The sample will be stratified by previous experience with genetic testing, and those who have not tested as was to better characterize attitudes, facilitators and barriers that differ between these groups. Interviews will center on questions of attitudes, perceived norms, and personal agency inclusive of facilitators and barriers. Results will then guide the next phase of the research (Aim 1B). In this phase, I will examine the associations of attitudes, facilitators, and barriers with intentions related to carrier screening and cancer predisposition testing for a Latinx population. Specifically, using wording from interviews, I will design a survey focused on attitudes, facilitators, and barriers and administer the survey on a Qualtrics Panels with 500 Latinx individuals. Using Structural Equation Modeling, I will then test the associations between attitude, facilitators, and barrier factors with behavioral intention to both carrier screening and cancer predisposition testing to determine which may be the best factors for intervention. Building upon the F99 results, in the postdoctoral phase I will utilize findings about attitudes, facilitators, and barriers to develop translational intervention research to engage Latinx populations in genetic testing (Aim 2). The goal of my postdoctoral research training developing culturally appropriate communication strategies to improve genetics engagement for Latinx populations. Through a more robust understanding of attitudes, facilitators, and barriers can genomic researchers better engage with Latinx populations and therein reduce health inequities within genomics.

项目概要基因组医学通过这一里程碑改变了预防、护理和针对性医疗方案人类基因组计划的成就以及用于健康目的的基因检测的出现。种系该提案的重点是针对遗传风险的基因检测，可以包括各种类型和有目的的检测检测如携带者筛查、新生儿筛查、癌症易感性检测等。这些检测有基因提供者已经能够通过加强筛查来改善许多人的健康结果建议、预防工作（化学预防）和行为改变建议。然而，对服务不足的群体，特别是拉丁裔群体进行基因检测的普及（不分性别地使用 Latino/a/e）群体，仍然是一个重大挑战。尽管人们对使用基因检测有浓厚的兴趣，但仍然缺乏关于拉丁裔人口的促进和障碍因素的研究。因此，本提案的目标是实证研究拉丁裔个体在基因检测方面的经历、他们的态度，并确定他们的感知测试的促进因素和障碍。特别是，我将描述显着的态度、促进因素和障碍拉丁裔个体使用顺序解释性混合方法进行健康目的基因检测设计（目标 1）。研究的第一阶段（目标 1A）将描述显着态度、促进者和 20 名拉丁裔人士使用半结构化启发进行健康基因检测的障碍采访。样本将根据以前的基因检测经验进行分层，而那些没有基因检测经验的人将被分层。进行测试是为了更好地描述这些群体之间不同的态度、促进因素和障碍。访谈将集中于态度、感知规范和个人代理（包括协调员）等问题和障碍。结果将指导下一阶段的研究（目标 1B）。在这个阶段，我将检查态度、促进因素和障碍与携带者筛查和癌症相关意图的关联拉丁裔人群的易感性测试。具体来说，我将使用采访中的措辞设计一项调查重点关注态度、促进因素和障碍，并在包含 500 名拉丁裔的 Qualtrics 小组上进行调查个人。然后，我将使用结构方程模型来测试态度、促进者、以及对携带者筛查和癌症易感性测试具有行为意图的障碍因素确定哪些可能是最佳的干预因素。以 F99 结果为基础，在博士后第一阶段将利用有关态度、促进因素和障碍的调查结果来制定转化干预措施让拉丁裔人群参与基因检测的研究（目标 2）。我博士后研究训练的目标制定适合文化的沟通策略，以提高拉丁裔的遗传学参与度人口。通过对态度、促进因素和障碍有更深入的了解，基因组可以研究人员更好地与拉丁裔人群接触，从而减少基因组学中的健康不平等。