Translation of epidemiologic findings in enteric disease to public health action

将肠道疾病流行病学发现转化为公共卫生行动

• 批准号: 10458377
• 负责人: Elizabeth Tacket Rogawski McQuade
• 金额: $ 4.99万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2022-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10458377
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Area; Award; Birth; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child Development; Child Health; Childhood; Clinical Skills; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Communicable Diseases; Complex; Country; Coupled; Data; Decision Making; Development Plans; Diarrhea; Disease; Effectiveness of Interventions; Enteral; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Methods; Epidemiology; Etiology; Exposure to; Future; Geographic Locations; Goals; Growth; HIV; Health Policy; Health Sciences; Hygiene; Infection; Institution; Intake; International; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Intervention Trial; Lead; Malnutrition; Medicine; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Micronutrients; Multicenter Studies; Nutrient; Observational Study; Outcome; Patient-Focused Outcomes; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Probability; Public Health; Public Health Practice; Publications; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recurrence; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Sanitation; Scientist; Site; South Africa; South African; Supervision; Supplementation; Tanzania; Target Populations; Training; Training and Infrastructure; Translating; Translations; Transportation; Universities; Variant; Virginia; Water; Weight; Work; analytical method; antimicrobial; base; bench to bedside; burden of illness; career; career development; combat; design; diarrheal disease; drinking water; early childhood; enteric infection; enteric pathogen; epidemiologic data; epidemiology study; experience; global health; implementation intervention; implementation research; improved; innovation; intervention effect; method development; modifiable risk; novel; nutrition; pathogen; pathogen exposure; population based; professor; programs; public health intervention; randomized trial; research study; social factors; water quality; water treatment

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Epidemiologic studies are critical for understanding the diverse drivers of enteric infections and malnutrition, which lead to recurrent diarrheal illnesses and poor growth among children in low-resource settings. To accelerate the translation of population-based data into policy-ready, actionable evidence, novel epidemiologic methods have recently been developed to assess the generalizability of results and estimate the impact of potential interventions from observational data. In this K01 Mentored Research Scientist Development Award application, Dr. Elizabeth T. Rogawski, an Assistant Professor in Public Health Sciences at the University of Virginia (UVA), proposes to apply these innovative methods to inform the implementation of results from two multisite observational studies of enteric infections and two single-site randomized intervention trials in South Africa and Tanzania. The observational studies are MAL-ED, an 8-site birth cohort study of enteric infections, diarrhea, and child development, and GEMS, a 7-site case-control study of moderate-to-severe diarrhea. Specifically, Dr. Rogawski will: 1) identify site-specific social and environmental factors that modify the impact of risk factors for diarrhea and poor growth in MAL-ED and translate effect estimates to GEMS sites using inverse-probability weighting methods; 2) estimate the impact of realistic public health interventions to reduce diarrheal risk and improve child growth from the observational data using the parametric g-formula; and 3) estimate the impact of interventions assessed in the randomized trials of a drinking water quality intervention (South Africa) and a multifactorial child health intervention (Tanzania) at the other MAL-ED and GEMS sites. Key risk factors and potential targets of intervention include water, sanitation, and hygiene-associated factors, enteric pathogens, antimicrobial use, macro- and micronutrients, and illnesses. Dr. Rogawski proposes a career development plan that includes mentorship, fieldwork, coursework, publications, and presentations. Her proposal will be supervised by an outstanding mentoring team with complementary methodological, substantive, and clinical skills. The wealth of research and mentorship experience, robust training infrastructure, and longstanding international collaborations at UVA make this institution the ideal environment to support these activities. Her goals for the award are to become an expert in enteric infections and environmental enteropathy, develop proficiency in novel epidemiologic causal inference methods that are relevant to implementation research, and successfully transition to independence Through an academic career in epidemiology maintain an international research program in pediatric infectious diseases based in the US, while developing . , she plans to novel analytic methods to facilitate the presentation of impactful epidemiologic results. The K01 Mentored Research Scientist Development Award will facilitate her transition to independence as an investigator who bridges the gap between epidemiology and public health policy implementation to reduce infectious disease burden and improve global child development.

项目摘要/摘要 流行病学研究对于理解肠道感染和营养不良的各种驱动因素至关重要， 这会导致在低资源环境中的儿童复发性腹泻疾病和不良的生长。到 加速基于人群的数据为政策准备，可行的证据，新型流行病学的转换 最近已经开发了方法来评估结果的普遍性并估计 观察数据的潜在干预措施。在这个K01指导的研究科学家发展奖中 申请，伊丽莎白·T·罗戈斯基（Elizabeth T. Rogawski）博士，大学公共卫生科学助理教授 弗吉尼亚州（UVA）建议采用这些创新方法，以告知两个 南方的肠道感染和两项单位随机干预试验的多站点观察性研究 非洲和坦桑尼亚。观察性研究是Mal-Ed的，这是一项肠道感染的8个地点出生队列研究， 腹泻，儿童发育和宝石，这是中度至重度腹泻的7个病例对照研究。 具体而言，Rogawski博士将：1）确定改变影响的特定地点的社会和环境因素 使用腹泻的危险因素和恶性增长不良的危险因素，并将效果估算到GEMS网站上 反概率加权方法； 2）估计现实的公共卫生干预措施的影响 使用参数G形式，可腹泻风险从观察数据中改善儿童的生长； 3） 估计在饮用水质量干预的随机试验中评估的干预措施的影响 （南非）和其他Mal-Ed和Gems网站的多因素儿童健康干预措施（坦桑尼亚）。 关键危险因素和干预的潜在目标包括水，卫生和卫生相关因素， 肠道病原体，抗菌素使用，宏观和微量营养素以及疾病。 Rogawski博士提出了 职业发展计划，包括指导，实地调查，课程，出版物和演讲。她 提案将由一个杰出的指导团队进行监督 实质性和临床技能。丰富的研究和指导经验，强大的培训 基础架构以及UVA的长期国际合作使该机构成为理想的环境 支持这些活动。她的奖项目标是成为肠道感染的专家 环境肠道疾病，发展新型流行病学因果推理方法的水平 与实施研究有关，并通过学术成功地过渡到独立性 流行病学职业维持一项国际儿科传染病研究计划 在美国开发的同时 。 ，她计划 新颖的分析方法，以促进有影响力的表现 流行病学结果。 K01指导研究科学家发展奖将促进她的过渡 独立作为调查员，弥合流行病学与公共卫生政策之间的差距 实施 减轻传染病负担并改善全球儿童发展。