Evaluation of the Youth-centered Environmental Shift (YES!) Program to reduce sexual violence in middle schools

对以青年为中心的环境转变（YES！）计划的评估，以减少中学性暴力

• 批准号: 10438172
• 负责人: Betty Bekemeier
• 金额: $ 37.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-30 至 2023-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10438172
• 关键词: Evaluation; Youth; centered; Environmental; Shift

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Sexual violence has overwhelming costs and consequences that necessitate primary prevention solutions. More than 52 million women (43.6%) and 27 million men (24.8%) in the U.S. experience some form of sexual violence in their lifetime including rape, sexual coercion, and/or unwanted sexual contact. Adolescence is a critical time for first experiencing sexual violence, as 40% of women with a history of rape first experienced it before age 18. These experiences have lifelong negative health consequences. Most sexual violence prevention programs have been developed for mid- to late-adolescence or for college students, when sexual violence is most prevalent. Yet, effective interventions to prevent sexual violence among adolescents and before it occurs are rare, lack adequate evidence, are individual-focused, and are resource intensive. Washington State's new Youth-centered Environmental Shift (YES!) program, developed by the Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction is based on the best available evidence for preventing sexual violence at the level of a whole school community. The overall goal of YES! is to create a culture within middle schools where students are emotionally and physically safe, supported, and free of abuse, specifically sexual violence. The program is focused on preventing sexual violence before it begins and providing a school-wide program that is effective and scalable to other schools. YES! will be piloted in Washington middle schools in 2020 through collaboration with one Educational Service District in Washington, serving 44 school districts. Through strong partnerships with state agencies and schools, the study we propose will have two main components. First (Component A), we will build system-level capacity to effectively examine the impact of YES! in the three pilot middle schools, establish collaborative systems for collecting sensitive data from students and staff, and assess the feasibility and acceptability of the YES! pilot. Second (Component B), we will expand our evaluation process to more schools to rigorously evaluate whether YES! reduces violence victimization and perpetration, has an impact on the risk and protective factors associated with sexual violence, and if it is feasible for YES! to be sustained and further scaled-up. We will use a practice-based approach that engages education partners and school personnel throughout our study, to improve the success of our approaches, interpretations, study applications, and translation to practice. In this second component we will use a group randomized design, randomly assigning middle schools to initiate the YES! program or proceed with their `usual practice' around sexual violence prevention. This design will be used to rigorously evaluate the impact of YES! on sexual violence outcomes. Data collected through surveys and focus groups of middle school students and staff at multiple points in times over the full five years of this study will support a holistic understanding of whether, why, and how the YES! works with respect to its theory of change. It will also provide critical evidence regarding the effectiveness of school-level strategies to prevent sexual violence and support implementation of broadly adopted sexual violence primary prevention interventions.

项目概要/摘要 性暴力造成巨大的成本和后果，因此需要采取初级预防解决方案。更多的 美国有超过 5200 万女性 (43.6%) 和 2700 万男性 (24.8%) 遭受过某种形式的性暴力 在他们的一生中，包括强奸、性胁迫和/或不受欢迎的性接触。青春期是关键时期 首次遭受性暴力的比例为 40%，有强奸史的女性在 18 岁之前首次遭受性暴力。 这些经历会对终生的健康产生负面影响。大多数性暴力预防计划都有 专为性暴力最普遍的青春期中后期或大学生而开发。 然而，在青少年中以及在其发生之前预防性暴力的有效干预措施很少，缺乏 证据充分，以个人为中心，并且资源密集。华盛顿州新的以青年为中心的 环境转变（是的！）计划，由华盛顿公共教育总监办公室制定 该计划基于在整个学校社区层面预防性暴力的最佳现有证据。 总体目标是YES！是在中学内创造一种文化，让学生在情感上和 人身安全、受到支持且不受虐待，特别是性暴力。该计划的重点是预防 性暴力发生之前，并提供一个有效且可推广到其他学校的计划 学校。是的！将于 2020 年通过与一家教育机构合作在华盛顿的中学进行试点 华盛顿州服务区，服务于 44 个学区。通过与国家机构的强有力的合作伙伴关系 对于学校来说，我们建议的研究将有两个主要组成部分。首先（组件A），我们将构建系统级 有效检验 YES! 影响的能力在三所试点中学建立协作 收集学生和教职员工敏感数据的系统，并评估该系统的可行性和可接受性 是的！飞行员。第二（B部分），我们将把评估流程扩大到更多学校，以严格评估 是否是！减少暴力受害和实施，对风险和保护因素产生影响 与性暴力有关，如果可行的话是！持续并进一步扩大规模。我们将使用 基于实践的方法，让教育合作伙伴和学校人员参与我们的整个研究， 提高我们的方法、解释、研究应用和转化到实践的成功率。在这个 第二部分，我们将采用分组随机设计，随机分配中学来启动 是的！制定或继续实施预防性暴力的“惯常做法”。将使用此设计 严格评估 YES! 的影响！关于性暴力的结果。通过调查和收集的数据 在本研究的整个五年中，多次对中学生和教职员工进行焦点小组讨论 将支持全面理解是否、为什么以及如何“是”！就其理论而言 改变。它还将提供关于学校层面预防战略有效性的关键证据。 性暴力并支持实施广泛采用的性暴力初级预防干预措施。