Surveillance of wildlife and livestock for novel and emerging coronaviruses

监测野生动物和牲畜是否存在新型和新出现的冠状病毒

基本信息

批准号：
10434941
负责人：
Eric A Nelson
金额：
$ 18.56万
依托单位：
SOUTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-07-01 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Summary There is an urgent need for coronavirus (CoV) surveillance in both wildlife and livestock. As seen repeatedly, CoVs have a propensity to jump species from their bat, rodent and avian reservoirs, often to intermediate species including livestock, before infecting humans. Our knowledge of North American CoVs in wildlife species is sparse and routine sequencing of livestock CoVs are limited. In our first aim, to detect and sequence coronaviruses in wildlife and livestock, we will utilize a pan-coronavirus RT-PCR to screen a unique sample set consisting of bats and wildlife rarely surveilled. The sample set is comprised of ~500 animals submitted to our veterinary diagnostic laboratory for rabies testing over a 12-month period and consists of pooled lung, spleen and intestine tissue homogenate. In parallel, we will screen food animal diagnostic submissions from animals with acute enteric and respiratory disease. Our second aim, to further characterize coronavirus genomes and characterize virus isolates, phylogenetic and recombination analysis will be performed with the assembled CoV genomes. Specifically, assembled genomes will be annotated and submitted to Genbank and made publicly available immediately. Phylogenetic analysis will determine if SARS-CoV-2, CoVs similar to SARS-CoV-2 or novel CoVs have emerged in non-human species. Recombination analysis will next be performed using SARS-CoV-2 and the assembled CoV genomes to determine if SARS-CoV-2 or related CoVs have undergone natural recombination and contributed genetic material to endemic CoV. Another component of this aim is to isolate and propagate the detected CoVs in cell culture. This latter aim is critical for further pathogenesis studies in the natural host and model organisms. This R21 exploratory project meets an urgent need for CoV surveillance at the human-animal interface, both in wildlife and livestock. Results from this study will identify emerging disease threats and develop critical tools, including sequences, detection methodology and cell culture adapted viruses that will enable further studies on possible zoonosis and enable preemptive action.

项目摘要在野生动植物和牲畜中迫切需要冠状病毒（COV）监测。正如反复看到的那样，COV具有从蝙蝠，啮齿动物和在感染之前人类。我们对野生动植物物种中北美小屋的了解很少牲畜COV的常规测序受到限制。在我们的第一个目的中，在野生动植物和牲畜中检测和序列冠状病毒，我们将利用Pan-Coronavirus RT-PCR筛选一个独特的样品集，该样本集由蝙蝠和野生动植物很少监视。样品集由约500只动物组成提交给我们的兽医诊断实验室，以超过12个月的狂犬病测试周期由合并的肺，脾脏和肠道组织匀浆组成。并联，我们将筛选出具有急性肠动物的动物的食物动物诊断提交和呼吸道疾病。我们的第二个目标是进一步表征冠状病毒基因组并表征病毒分离株，系统发育和重组分析将与组装的COV基因组。具体而言，组装基因组将被注释，并提交给GenBank并立即公开提供。系统发育分析将确定SARS-COV-2，类似于SARS-COV-2或新型COV是否具有SARS-COV-2 出现在非人类物种中。接下来，将使用重置分析 SARS-COV-2和组装的COV基因组，以确定SARS-COV-2还是相关 COV经历了自然重组，并为特有COV。此目的的另一个组成部分是隔离和传播检测到的细胞培养中的COV。后一个目的对于进一步的发病机理研究至关重要天然寄主和模型生物。这个R21探索性项目满足了对COV监视的迫切需求在野生动植物和牲畜中，人类动物界面。这项研究的结果将确定新兴疾病威胁并开发关键工具，包括序列，检测方法论和细胞培养适应的病毒，可以进一步研究在可能的人畜共患病并实现先发制人的行动上。