The electrode-neural interface in auditory brainstem implants

听觉脑干植入物中的电极神经接口

• 批准号: 10432541
• 负责人: Mahan Azadpour
• 金额: $ 25.43万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10432541
• 关键词: Acoustic Nerve; Action Potentials; Address; Auditory; Auditory Brain Stem Implants; Auditory Perception; Awareness; Behavioral; Bypass; Characteristics; Cochlea; Cochlear Implants; Cochlear Nerve; Cochlear nucleus; Code; Complex; Computer software; Data; Devices; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Environment; Foundations; Goals; Hearing; Implanted Electrodes; Individual; Knowledge; Measures; Morphology; Neurons; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Patient-Focused Outcomes; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Persons; Property; Recovery; Research; Role; Site; Speech; Speech Perception; Therapeutic; Time; United States; auditory pathway; auditory processing; behavior measurement; behavioral outcome; biophysical properties; deaf; deafness; hard of hearing; hearing impairment; hearing restoration; implantable device; implantation; improved; individual patient; insight; microphone; neuroadaptation; relating to nervous system; response; signal processing; sound; voltage

PROJECT SUMMARY Auditory brainstem implants (ABI) are the only therapeutic option for deaf patients with abnormal cochlea or auditory nerve. ABIs bypass the auditory nerve and directly stimulate the central auditory pathways using electrodes surgically placed on the cochlear nucleus. Current ABI devices use the same coding strategies as cochlear implants (CI) to encode sound into electrical stimulation. However, despite identical external hardware, signal processing, and stimulation patterns being delivered by ABI and CI electrodes, the two devices have very different outcomes. Only a small percentage of ABI patients can understand speech using their device, whereas CI patients can generally communicate verbally using their device alone. The mechanisms for these disparate outcomes are elusive, but may be related to the differences in electrode- neural interface characteristics between the two devices. The cochlear nucleus, the site of ABI stimulation, is much more complex than the auditory nerve and consists of diverse neuron types. The majority of cochlear nucleus neural types have different biophysical properties than the auditory nerve. Aim 1 is to study electrode- neural interface characteristics in ABI patients and their relation to perceptual outcomes. We will study electrode-neural interface by obtaining electrically-evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs) using the voltage recording capability of the implant device. We will use ECAP to assess the morphology of neural responses as well as neural recovery and adaptation of neural responses. We will also assess neural interactions between different electrodes. We will evaluate the association between electrode-neural interface and behavioral performance, and assess how this association differs between ABI and CI patients. Aim 2 is to evaluate whether the electrode-neural interface measures can guide elimination of poorly functioning electrodes to improve ABI patient outcomes. We will compare speech perception outcomes obtained before and after eliminating the poorly functioning electrodes from the coding strategy. Speech perception outcomes with each new manipulation will be measured when the subjects have had the opportunity to adapt to it for one month. This study will provide critical understanding regarding auditory processing differences between ABI and CI users, which may be related to differences in electrode-neural interface between the cochlea and the cochlear nucleus.

项目摘要 听觉脑干植入物（ABI）是聋哑人耳蜗或耳蜗患者的唯一治疗选择 听觉神经。 Abis绕过听觉神经，并直接使用 电极通过手术放置在人工耳蜗上。当前的ABI设备使用与 耳蜗植入物（CI）将声音编码为电刺激。但是，尽管外部相同 ABI和CI电极交付的硬件，信号处理和刺激模式，两者 设备的结果非常不同。只有一小部分ABI患者可以使用 他们的设备，而CI患者通常可以单独使用其设备进行口头交流。这 这些不同结果的机制难以捉摸，但可能与电极的差异有关 两个设备之间的神经界面特征。耳蜗核是ABI刺激的部位，是 比听觉神经复杂得多，由不同的神经元类型组成。大多数人工耳蜗 核神经类型具有与听觉神经不同的生物物理特性。目标1是研究电极 - ABI患者的神经界面特征及其与感知结果的关系。我们将学习 通过使用电极神经界面获得电诱发的复合动作电位（ECAPS） 植入设备的电压记录能力。我们将使用ECAP评估神经的形态 反应以及神经恢复和神经反应的适应。我们还将评估神经 不同电极之间的相互作用。我们将评估电极神经界面之间的关联 和行为表现，并评估ABI和CI患者之间这种关联的不同。目标2是 评估电极神经界面测量是否可以指导消除功能较差 电极改善ABI患者预后。我们将比较之前获得的语音感知结果 从编码策略中消除了功能较差的电极之后。言语感知结果 当受试者有机会适应一个时，将测量每个新的操作 月。这项研究将为ABI之间的听觉处理差异提供批判性的理解 和CI用户，这可能与耳蜗之间的电极神经接口差异有关 耳蜗核。