Household air pollution, inflammation, and effects on hemoglobin concentration among pregnant women and infants

家庭空气污染、炎症以及对孕妇和婴儿血红蛋白浓度的影响

• 批准号: 10431380
• 负责人: Sheela Selin Sinharoy
• 金额: $ 21.25万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10431380
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Affect; Age; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Anemia; Anemia due to Chronic Disorder; Behavior; Biological; Biological Markers; Biological Process; Biomass; Blinded; Blood; C-reactive protein; Carbon Black; Carbon Monoxide; Carrying Capacities; Child; Child Development; Coal; Cookstove; Country; Data; Data Collection; Development; Disease; Enrollment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Exposure to; Fostering; Future; Gases; Goals; Guatemala; Health; Hemoglobin; Hour; Household Air Pollution; Impairment; India; Infant; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Link; Low Birth Weight Infant; Masks; Maternal and Child Health; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Metabolic; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Mothers; Outcome; Oxygen; Participant; Particulate Matter; Pathway Analysis; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Persons; Peru; Petroleum; Physiological; Pneumonia; Policies; Policy Research; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Premature Birth; Prevalence; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research; Resolution; Risk Factors; Role; Rural; Rwanda; Sampling; Science; Signal Transduction; Site; Solid; Spottings; Study Subject; Surveys; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; Wood material; Work; World Health Organization; biological systems; biomarker panel; burden of illness; cooking; critical period; demographics; fine particles; improved; infancy; innovation; iron absorption; metabolomics; novel marker; pollutant; post intervention; primary outcome; programs; reproductive; secondary outcome; solid fuel; wasting

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Household air pollution (HAP) is a leading risk factor for disease, particularly for the nearly 3 billion people worldwide who primarily use solid fuels (e.g. wood, coal, crop waste) for cooking. At the same time, anemia affects 613 million (33%) women of reproductive age and 270 million (42%) children under age five globally. The long-term goal of the proposed project is to strengthen the scientific evidence and justification for programs, policy, and research to address both household air pollution and anemia, through a combination of hypothesis- driven and discovery science. The overall objective for this application is to define biological mechanisms through which household air pollution may affect hemoglobin concentrations and to identify novel biomarkers associated with exposures and hemoglobin concentration. The central hypothesis is that multiple biological pathways are operating simultaneously and in opposing directions, potentially masking physiologically important relationships. The central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing two specific aims: 1) identify relationships between the intervention, exposures (PM2.5, carbon monoxide), levels of biomarkers of inflammation, and hemoglobin concentrations among pregnant women and infants enrolled in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) trial; and 2) in a subset of infants, identify novel biomarkers of associations between air pollutants and hemoglobin, using untargeted metabolomics and mediation analysis of metabolic perturbations. Both aims will use existing dried blood spots (DBS) collected from participants in the HAPIN trial site in rural Guatemala. Under the first aim, laboratory analyses of DBS from pregnant women (24-28 weeks gestation) and infants (age 6 months) will be performed for a panel of biomarkers of inflammation. The resulting data will be combined with existing data on participants’ exposures and hemoglobin concentrations in separate mediation models for pregnant women and infants, to examine potential pathways of effect. For the second aim, DBS from 100 infants (age 6 months) will be analyzed using an untargeted high-resolution metabolomics workflow, and resulting data will be analyzed for associations between metabolic signals, exposures to specific pollutants, and hemoglobin concentrations. The second aim will also involve an exploratory mediation analysis to examine patterns between exposures, metabolomic perturbations, and hemoglobin concentration, using a “meet in the middle” framework approach. The research proposed in this application is innovative because of its use of rigorous, cutting-edge methods that leverage the existing data, samples, and years of work already completed in the HAPIN trial, to generate new evidence and discoveries related to biological mechanisms linking household air pollution and anemia. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to provide a persuasive new argument for policymakers to promote and subsidize clean cooking, to reduce exposure to household air pollution as well as anemia prevalence among vulnerable populations, especially during the critical periods of pregnancy and the first year of life.

项目摘要/摘要 家庭空气污染（HAP）是疾病的主要危险因素，特别是对于近30亿人 全球谁主要使用固体燃料（例如木材，煤炭，农作物废物）进行烹饪。同时，贫血 在全球范围内影响6.13亿（33％）的生殖年龄和2.7亿（42％）的儿童。这 拟议项目的长期目标是加强计划的科学证据和理由， 通过假设的结合，政策和研究以解决家庭空气污染和贫血 驱动和发现科学。该应用的总体目的是通过 哪种家庭空气污染可能会影响血红蛋白浓度并识别与新型生物标志物相关的新型生物标志物 暴露和血红蛋白浓度。中心假设是多种生物途径是 同时且在相反的方向上运行，可能掩盖了物理上重要的关系。 中心假设将通过追求两个具体目的来检验：1）确定 干预，暴露（PM2.5，一氧化碳），炎症的生物标志物水平和血红蛋白水平 参加家庭空气污染干预网络的孕妇和婴儿的浓度 （Hapin）试验； 2）在一部分婴儿中，确定空气污染物与 血红蛋白，使用未靶向的代谢组学和代谢扰动的调解分析。两个目标都会 使用危地马拉农村Hapin试验地点的参与者收集的现有干血点（DB）。在下面 第一个目的是对孕妇（24-28周妊娠）和婴儿（6岁的孕妇）对DB的实验室分析 几个月）将对炎症的生物标志物进行。结果数据将与 参与者暴露和血红蛋白浓度的现有数据在单独的调解模型中 孕妇和婴儿，检查潜在的效果途径。对于第二个目标，来自100名婴儿的DB （年龄6个月）将使用未靶向的高分辨率代谢组学工作流和结果进行分析 将分析代谢信号，特定污染物和血红蛋白之间的关联 浓度。第二个目的还将涉及探索性调解分析，以研究之间的模式 使用“在中间”框架 方法。该应用程序中提出的研究具有创新性，因为它使用了严格的尖端 利用HAPIN试验已经完成现有数据，样本和多年工作的方法， 产生与将家庭空气污染和联系的生物机制相关的新证据和发现 贫血。拟议的研究很重要，因为它有望为 决策者促进和补贴清洁烹饪，以减少暴露于家庭空气污染以及 弱势群体中的贫血患病率，尤其是在怀孕的关键时期和 生命的第一年。