Administrative Supplement: Stable isotope biomarker for added sugar intake and sweet taste phenotypes in mother-child dyads

行政补充：稳定同位素生物标志物，用于母子二人中添加糖摄入量和甜味表型

• 批准号: 10405696
• 负责人: Alissa D. Smethers
• 金额: $ 0.25万
• 依托单位: MONELL CHEMICAL SENSES CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-11 至 2022-02-10
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10405696
• 关键词: 6 year old; 7 year old; Address; Administrative Supplement; Adult; Behavior; Belief; Benchmarking; Beverages; Biological; Biological Factors; Biological Markers; Birth; Body Size; Body Weight; Body mass index; Canes; Carbon; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caregivers; Chemicals; Child; Child Rearing; Childhood; Consumption; Cross-Sectional Studies; Daughter; Dental caries; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Diet Habits; Dietary Assessment; Dietary Practices; Dietary intake; Dietitian; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Eating; Female; Food; Foundations; Goals; Gold; Growth; Hair; Health; Heart Diseases; Home; Hour; Human; Individual; Ingestion; Intake; Lead; Link; Measures; Methods; Mission; Monitor; Mothers; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Obesity; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Phenotype; Population Heterogeneity; Procedures; Process; Psychophysics; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Priority; Research Project Grants; Risk Factors; Role; Same-sex; Scientist; Sex Differences; Shapes; Son; Source; Surveys; Taste Perception; Taste preferences; Testing; Time; Tissues; Training; United States; Variant; Work; base; boys; design; dietary; early childhood; excessive weight gain; feeding; food environment; girls; hedonic; improved; nutrition; preference; prevent; public health intervention; public health priorities; racial and ethnic; racial diversity; sex; social; social factors; stable isotope; sugar; sweet taste perception; 6 year old; 7 year old; Address; Administrative Supplement; Adult; Behavior; Belief; Benchmarking; Beverages; Biological; Biological Factors; Biological Markers; Birth; Body Size; Body Weight; Body mass index; Canes; Carbon; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caregivers; Chemicals; Child; Child Rearing; Childhood; Consumption; Cross-Sectional Studies; Daughter; Dental caries; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Diet Habits; Dietary Assessment; Dietary Practices; Dietary intake; Dietitian; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Eating; Female; Food; Foundations; Goals; Gold; Growth; Hair; Health; Heart Diseases; Home; Hour; Human; Individual; Ingestion; Intake; Lead; Link; Measures; Methods; Mission; Monitor; Mothers; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Obesity; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Phenotype; Population Heterogeneity; Procedures; Process; Psychophysics; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Priority; Research Project Grants; Risk Factors; Role; Same-sex; Scientist; Sex Differences; Shapes; Son; Source; Surveys; Taste Perception; Taste preferences; Testing; Time; Tissues; Training; United States; Variant; Work; base; boys; design; dietary; early childhood; excessive weight gain; feeding; food environment; girls; hedonic; improved; nutrition; preference; prevent; public health intervention; public health priorities; racial and ethnic; racial diversity; sex; social; social factors; stable isotope; sugar; sweet taste perception

PROJECT SUMMARY: ABSTRACT Observational evidence has linked excessive added sugar intake with diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease; thus, strategies to reduce added sugar intake are a clear public health priority. To determine if an individual is consuming too much added sugar, dietary recall is typically used; while they are the gold standard for dietary assessment, they are subject to challenges. Objective dietary intake measures are needed to investigate associations among intake, behaviors, and health outcomes. Prior research indicates that carbon-13 relative to carbon-12 [13C] in hair is a biomarker that reflects free-living intake of added sugar derived from corn and cane. However, studies are needed with more racially/ethnically diverse populations that include children younger than 6 years of age and that are sufficiently powered to analyze the influence of the sex of the child. Reports suggest maternal parenting practices surrounding foods, especially sweets, vary between sons and daughters, which in turn could contribute to differences in added sugar intake. This cross- sectional study will determine for the first time variation in 13C among a racially diverse group of 3- to 7-year- old boys and girls in the context of their mothers—the caregivers who not only provide the foods but also teach children the social and cultural meaning of sweet foods in the home. We will take a multipronged, rigorous approach that (a) incorporates children’s sex as a biological variable, (b) uses state-of-the-art diet assessment and analysis measures with the expertise of PhD-level Registered Dietitians to determine added sugar intake and diet, and (c) uses validated methods to assess sweet taste phenotypes (e.g., level of sweetness most preferred, sweet food liking). By phenotyping both mothers and their children, we will determine intake variation both within and between dyads; the level of concordance among diet, sweet taste phenotypes, and 13C; and whether these factors differ by the sex of the child. The proposed study will provide me with the needed training in human psychophysical taste testing procedures, dietary biomarker assessment, experimental method and design, and scientific underpinnings of ontogeny of chemical senses, and build the foundation needed to transition to an independent scientist conducting inter-disciplinary work in the chemical senses and nutrition relevant to the mission of the NIDCD.

项目摘要：摘要 观察性证据将过量添加的糖摄入与肥胖，糖尿病和 心脏病;因此，减少添加糖摄入的策略是明确的公共卫生优先事项。确定是否 一个人食用过多的糖，通常使用饮食召回。虽然他们是黄金 饮食评估的标准，它们受到挑战。需要客观的饮食摄入量 调查摄入量，行为和健康结果之间的关联。先前的研究表明 碳-13相对于碳12 [13C]在头发中是一种生物标志物，反映了添加糖的自由摄入量 源自玉米和拐杖。但是，需要进行研究，以更加统治/种族的种群来 包括6岁以下的儿童，并且有足够的动力来分析 孩子的性别。报告表明，围绕食物，尤其是糖果的母性育儿习惯各不相同 在儿子和女儿之间，这又可能导致添加糖摄入量的差异。这个交叉 分段研究将在3至7年的大致多样化组中首次确定13C的首次差异 在母亲的背景下，老男孩和女孩 - 不仅提供食物，而且还教书的护理人员 儿童在家中甜食的社会和文化意义。我们将采取多重，严格的 （a）将儿童性别作为生物变量的方法，（b）使用最先进的饮食评估 并具有博士级注册营养师的专业知识来确定添加糖摄入量的分析措施 和饮食，（c）使用经过验证的方法评估甜味表型（例如，甜度水平最多 喜欢的甜食喜欢）。通过表现出母亲和孩子，我们将确定摄入量的变化 在二元组内和之间；饮食，甜味表型和13C之间的一致性水平；和 这些因素是否因孩子的性别而有所不同。拟议的研究将为我提供所需的培训 在人类心理物理味测试程序中，饮食生物标志物评估，实验方法和 设计和科学的化学感觉基础，并建立所需的基础 过渡到从化学感觉和营养进行跨学科工作的独立科学家过渡 与NIDCD的任务有关。