Suicidality in Young Children: Social and Cognitive Developmental Markers of Risk and Resiliency

幼儿自杀：风险和弹性的社会和认知发展标志

• 批准号: 10609054
• 负责人: LAURA HENNEFIELD
• 金额: $ 17.94万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-12 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10609054
• 关键词: 6 year old; 7 year old; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Cessation of life; Child; Childhood; Choking; Clinical; Cognitive; Conceptions; Data; Depressed mood; Development; Diagnostic; EP300 gene; Electroencephalography; Emotional; Environment; Event-Related Potentials; Exhibits; Family Violence; Feeling hopeless; Feeling suicidal; Future; Impairment; Interview; Life; Link; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mentors; Meta-Analysis; Motivation; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurosciences; Nursery Schools; Occupations; Outcome; P300 Event-Related Potentials; Parents; Pathway interactions; Play; Prevention; Process; Psychopathology; Public Health; Race; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Design; Research Priority; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Marker; Role; School-Age Population; Science; Severities; Social Functioning; Specificity; Stimulus; Suicide; Suicide attempt; Symptoms; Techniques; Training; Training Activity; Victimization; Violence; Withdrawal; Work; Youth; bullying; conflict resolution; depressive symptoms; diagnostic biomarker; early childhood; early onset; expectation; modifiable risk; mortality; multidisciplinary; neural; novel; novel strategies; optimism; peer; peer victimization; preventive intervention; programs; racial diversity; recruit; resilience; response; social; social culture; social relationships; socioeconomics; suicidal; suicidal behavior; suicidal risk; suicide rate; theories; violence exposure; 6 year old; 7 year old; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Cessation of life; Child; Childhood; Choking; Clinical; Cognitive; Conceptions; Data; Depressed mood; Development; Diagnostic; EP300 gene; Electroencephalography; Emotional; Environment; Event-Related Potentials; Exhibits; Family Violence; Feeling hopeless; Feeling suicidal; Future; Impairment; Interview; Life; Link; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mentors; Meta-Analysis; Motivation; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurosciences; Nursery Schools; Occupations; Outcome; P300 Event-Related Potentials; Parents; Pathway interactions; Play; Prevention; Process; Psychopathology; Public Health; Race; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Design; Research Priority; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Marker; Role; School-Age Population; Science; Severities; Social Functioning; Specificity; Stimulus; Suicide; Suicide attempt; Symptoms; Techniques; Training; Training Activity; Victimization; Violence; Withdrawal; Work; Youth; bullying; conflict resolution; depressive symptoms; diagnostic biomarker; early childhood; early onset; expectation; modifiable risk; mortality; multidisciplinary; neural; novel; novel strategies; optimism; peer; peer victimization; preventive intervention; programs; racial diversity; recruit; resilience; response; social; social culture; social relationships; socioeconomics; suicidal; suicidal behavior; suicidal risk; suicide rate; theories; violence exposure

Project Summary Suicidality in children is a pressing and understudied public health concern. Rates of suicide in youth have tripled in recent years, yet little is known about the early emergence or development of suicidal ideation and behaviors (SI/SB). Suicidal ideation (e.g., wishing to be dead, expressing desire to kill oneself) and behaviors (e.g., choking oneself) have been identified as early as the preschool period in the context of early-onset depression. However, if and how suicidality presents in non-depressed young children is unknown. Importantly, early suicidality remains stable into school-age and confers risk for later psychopathology, suggesting lasting impact and continuity of this early manifestation. Consistent with the NIMH Strategic Objective 2, to “chart mental illness trajectories to determine when, where, and how to intervene,” the overarching aim of this K01 application is to understand the developmental contexts in which suicidality emerges in order to identify at-risk youth and to inform preventative intervention efforts. The proposed study will address a number of questions central to understanding the development of suicidality in early childhood including how SI/SB is expressed at this early age, the normative development of the understanding of suicide, if children with SI/SB exhibit lack of optimism and/or pessimism, and how children with SI/SB process peer acceptance and rejection. A variety of measures, including child interview and narrative approaches, behavioral tasks, and event related potentials (ERPs) will be administered to three groups of 4- to 7-year-olds from diverse racial and socioeconomic backgrounds: 1) children with a history of SI/SB, 2) children with or at risk for psychopathology but no history of SI/SB, and 3) low-risk healthy children. The inclusion of children with or at risk for psychopathology with no history of SI/SB will address the specificity of risk factors for suicidality relative to depressive symptoms and other forms of psychopathology. This approach has the potential to identify transdiagnostic risk-factors of suicidality in young children. The inclusion of low-risk healthy children will inform our understanding of typical and atypical trajectories of suicide understanding and provide guidance regarding how and when to address expressions of suicidality in childhood as a clinical concern. This will be the first study of children this young with SI/SB to be targeted for a study designed to investigate the developmental antecedents of risk and resilience for SI/SB. Suicide research and prevention is a high priority research area for NIMH and the described research and training activities will enable the candidate to develop an independent research program that addresses the rising rates of childhood suicidality. Specifically, the execution of the proposed project will provide the candidate with training and expertise in suicide research and prevention, child psychopathology, and ERP techniques. A rich training environment and a multidisciplinary team of mentors in each of these areas is detailed. Data from this project will be used in a planned R01 to more deeply investigate racial and/or sociocultural differences in risk factors and developmental trajectories of early- onset suicidality.

项目摘要 儿童自杀是一种紧迫而理解的公共卫生问题。青年自杀率增加了两倍 近年来，关于自杀构想和行为的早期出现或发展知之甚少 （SI/SB）。自杀的想法（例如，希望死了，表达自杀的愿望）和行为（例如，窒息 在早发抑郁症的背景下，自我）早在学龄前就已经被确定。然而， 是否以及如何在不抑郁的幼儿中表现出自杀性是未知的。重要的是，早期自杀性仍然存在 稳定学龄，并承认后来的心理病理学风险，表明对此有持久的影响和连续性 早期表现。与NIMH战略目标2一致，以“将精神疾病轨迹绘制为 确定何时，何地和如何干预，“本k01应用的总体目的是了解 为了确定高危青年并为预防性提供信息，出现自杀性的发展环境 干预工作。拟议的研究将解决许多了解了解的问题 童年时期的自杀发展的发展，包括在这个年龄段如何表达SI/SB的规范 对自杀的理解发展，如果患有SI/SB的儿童暴露于缺乏乐观和/或悲观的情况下， 以及SI/SB过程的儿童如何接受和拒绝。包括孩子在内的各种措施 访谈和叙事方法，行为任务和事件相关潜力（ERP）将进行管理 来自潜水员种族和社会经济背景的三组4至7岁的小组：1）有历史的孩子 SI/SB，2）患有精神病理学或没有SI/SB的病史的儿童或有3）低风险健康的儿童。 包括没有SI/SB史的患有精神病学风险或有风险的儿童将解决特殊性 相对于抑郁症状和其他形式的心理病理学的自杀风险因素的风险因素。这种方法 有可能识别幼儿自杀性的转诊风险因素。包括低风险 健康的孩子将告知我们对自杀理解的典型和非典型轨迹的理解 提供有关如何以及何时解决儿童自杀表达的指导 忧虑。这将是对这个具有SI/SB的年轻儿童的研究，以针对旨在的研究 研究SI/SB的风险和弹性的发育前因。自杀研究和预防是 NIMH和所描述的研究和培训活动的高优先研究领域将使候选人能够 制定一个独立的研究计划，以解决儿童自杀率不断上升的速度。具体来说， 拟议项目的执行将为候选人提供自杀研究的培训和专业知识 和预防，儿童心理病理学和ERP技术。丰富的培训环境和多学科 这些领域中每个领域的导师团队都详细介绍了。该项目的数据将在计划的R01中用于更多 深入研究危险因素和早期发展轨迹的种族和/或社会文化差异 发作自杀。