COVID-19 pandemic stress and coping activities, polygenic and neural vulnerabilities in those at risk for Alcohol Use Disorders

COVID-19 大流行压力和应对活动、酒精使用障碍风险人群的多基因和神经脆弱性

• 批准号: 10393346
• 负责人: Jacquelyn Leigh Meyers
• 金额: $ 34.19万
• 依托单位: SUNY DOWNSTATE MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-22 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10393346
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; Biological; Brain; Buffers; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Cessation of life; Clinical; Communication; Communities; Consumption; Contracts; Data; Data Collection; Development; Disease; Disease remission; Economics; Elderly; Electroencephalography; Employment; Epidemic; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Exposure to; Family; Family history of; Family member; Female; Financial Hardship; Gender; General Population; Genetic; Genetic Risk; Genomics; Healthcare; Hospitalization; Individual; Intervention; Life; Measures; Mental Health; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Participant; Pattern; Play; Predisposition; Prevention; Psyche structure; Race; Recording of previous events; Relapse; Research; Rest; Risk; Role; Schools; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Severities; Stress; Stress and Coping; Subgroup; Symptoms; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; age group; alcohol availability; alcohol misuse; alcohol risk; alcohol use disorder; base; cognitive task; coping; coronavirus disease; density; ethnic minority population; executive function; experience; food insecurity; genetics of alcoholism; high risk; middle age; neurophysiology; pandemic disease; perceived stress; polygenic risk score; prospective; psychosocial; racial and ethnic; relating to nervous system; severe COVID-19; social; stressor; substance use; systematic review; traumatic event; traumatic stress

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant disruptions in daily social activities, schooling, and employment, and for some individuals, exposure to traumatic stressors such as the grave illness or death of family members, and serious financial hardship. A recent review of 23 studies found that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased risk for alcohol use disorders (AUD), and relapse among those with a history of AUD [8]. However, research is needed to understand which particular domains of the pandemic (e.g., economic hardship, social disconnection, death of a family member, disruption in healthcare) are most strongly associated with changes in AUD to identify modifiable targets for intervention and prevention efforts. Further, research is needed to identify individuals at greatest risk for COVID-19 stress-related AUD. Evidence indicates that among those with high polygenic risk for AUD, associations between traumatic stress and AUD tend to be greater, and inverse associations between protective exposures (e.g., healthy coping activities) and AUD tend to be minimized. However, whether individuals with high genetic risk are more vulnerable to COVID-19 stress-related AUD, or experience less benefit from healthy coping activities, is unknown. Research has also shown that individuals with AUD differ in terms of their brain function, including alpha EEG coherence, a measure of neural functional connectivity; lower alpha EEG has been consistently associated with AUD. While decades of research have focused on neurophysiological differences observed among those with and without AUD, no prior studies have examined interactions between measures of neural connectivity, polygenic risk, and traumatic stress with respect to heightened risk for AUD. Preliminary COVID-19 data from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA)’s ongoing assessment of adult participants (ages 30-90) who are at risk for AUD, have active AUD, or prior AUD, has demonstrated that COVID related perceived stress, media consumption, economic hardship and family COVID illness were associated with increased alcohol and other substance use since the start of the pandemic, particularly for women, mid-life (ages 30-50) participants with AUD (active or prior), those with high polygenic risk for alcohol misuse, and those with lower alpha EEG connectivity. Healthy coping activities were associated with decreased drunkenness. Building on the wealth of existing data from COGA, this project will continue to assess and characterize the longitudinal relationships among different types of COVID-19 related stressors and healthy coping activities and changes in risk for AUD, and AUD severity, prospectively throughout the pandemic among individuals at risk for AUD and at various stages of active AUD and remission, and the roles of varying levels of biological risk including polygenic risk for alcohol use problems and neural connectivity. Findings from the proposed research will allow us to better understand modifiable factors that may buffer against alcohol misuse and AUD among gender, racial/ethnic, and age subgroups of high-risk individuals, such as increasing access to mental healthcare, promoting social connections and other healthy coping strategies.

项目摘要/摘要 COVID-19-大流行导致日常社交活动，上学和就业的严重破坏， 对于某些人来说，暴露于创伤性压力因素，例如严重疾病或家庭成员死亡， 和严重的财务困难。最近对23项研究的评论发现，19009年大流行有所增加 有饮酒障碍的风险（AUD），并在具有AUD史的人群中传递[8]。但是，研究是 需要了解大流行的哪些特定领域（例如，经济困难，社会脱节， 家庭成员的死亡，医疗保健中的破坏）与AUD的变化最密切相关，以识别 可修改干预和预防工作的目标。此外，还需要研究以确定个人 COVID-19与压力相关的AUD的最大风险。证据表明，在高多基因风险的人中 aud，创伤性压力和aud之间的关联往往更大，而相关的关联 保护性暴露（例如，健康的应对活动）和AUD往往会被最小化。但是，是否 具有高遗传风险的个体更容易受到19号与压力相关的AUD的影响，或者较少的好处 从健康的应对活动中，未知。研究还表明，有AUD的人在 它们的大脑功能，包括αEEG连贯性，一种神经功能连通性的度量；下α 脑电图一直与AUD相关联。而数十年的研究重点是 在有和没有AUD的患者中观察到的神经生理差异，没有先前的研究检查 与 AUD的风险增加。关于酒精中毒遗传学的协作研究的初步COVID-19 （COGA）对面临AUD风险，有活跃AUD或的成年参与者的持续评估 先前的AUD证明，相关的感知压力，媒体消费，经济困难和 自从开始以来 大流行，特别是对于女性，中年（30-50岁）AUD（活跃或先验）的参与者， 滥用酒精的多基因风险，以及较低的αEEG连通性的风险。健康的应对活动是 与醉酒减少有关。基于COGA现有数据的财富，该项目将 继续评估和表征不同类型的Covid-19相关类型的纵向关系 压力源和健康的应对活动以及AUD的风险和AUD严重性的变化，前瞻性 有AUD风险和在主动AUD和缓解各个阶段的个人之间的大流行，以及 不同水平的生物风险的作用，包括饮酒问题和神经连通性的多基因风险。 拟议的研究的发现将使我们能够更好地理解可修改的因素，这些因素可能会缓冲 高风险个体的性别，种族/种族和年龄子组中的滥用酒精和aud 增加获得心理保健的机会，促进社交联系和其他健康应对策略。