Develop a novel phase-change water/fluid purification technology that uses a NASA-validated vapor compression distillation (VCD)

开发一种新型相变水/流体净化技术，该技术使用经 NASA 验证的蒸气压缩蒸馏 (VCD)

• 批准号: 10384223
• 负责人: Steve Bitterly
• 金额: $ 25.52万
• 依托单位: STEVE BITTERLY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-10 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10384223
• 关键词: Address; Adoption; Affect; Arsenic; Atmospheric Pressure; Beds; Biological; Businesses; Cessation of life; Chemical Structure; Chemicals; Chromium; Contracts; Country; Coupled; Data; Effectiveness; Emergency Situation; Excision; Feedback; Fishes; Fluorocarbons; Fresh Water; Friction; Goals; Growth; Growth and Development function; Hand; Health; Heavy Metals; Home; Hospitals; Human; Immune system; Industrialization; Industry; Laboratories; Life; Link; Liquid substance; Malignant Neoplasms; Medical center; Methodology; Methods; Minerals; Mining; Modeling; Modification; Output; Pathway interactions; Penetration; Persons; Phase; Policies; Poly-fluoroalkyl substances; Pump; Radiology Specialty; Recovery; Refuse Disposal; Regulation; Reporting; Reproduction; Research; Residual state; Safety; Sales; Sampling; Serum; Solid; Source; Space Flight; Stream; Sulfides; System; Technology; Testing; Thermodynamics; Thyroid Function Tests; TimeLine; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Water; Water Purification; Water Supply; animal tissue; base; commercialization; contaminated water; cost; cost effective; design; drinking water; effectiveness testing; ground water; hospital bed; improved; innovation; instrument; liver injury; novel; operation; perfluorooctanoic acid; performance tests; phase 1 study; phase change; portability; pressure; remediation; seal; vapor; wasting; water flow; water quality; water sampling; water testing; waterborne illness; Address; Adoption; Affect; Arsenic; Atmospheric Pressure; Beds; Biological; Businesses; Cessation of life; Chemical Structure; Chemicals; Chromium; Contracts; Country; Coupled; Data; Effectiveness; Emergency Situation; Excision; Feedback; Fishes; Fluorocarbons; Fresh Water; Friction; Goals; Growth; Growth and Development function; Hand; Health; Heavy Metals; Home; Hospitals; Human; Immune system; Industrialization; Industry; Laboratories; Life; Link; Liquid substance; Malignant Neoplasms; Medical center; Methodology; Methods; Minerals; Mining; Modeling; Modification; Output; Pathway interactions; Penetration; Persons; Phase; Policies; Poly-fluoroalkyl substances; Pump; Radiology Specialty; Recovery; Refuse Disposal; Regulation; Reporting; Reproduction; Research; Residual state; Safety; Sales; Sampling; Serum; Solid; Source; Space Flight; Stream; Sulfides; System; Technology; Testing; Thermodynamics; Thyroid Function Tests; TimeLine; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Water; Water Purification; Water Supply; animal tissue; base; commercialization; contaminated water; cost; cost effective; design; drinking water; effectiveness testing; ground water; hospital bed; improved; innovation; instrument; liver injury; novel; operation; perfluorooctanoic acid; performance tests; phase 1 study; phase change; portability; pressure; remediation; seal; vapor; wasting; water flow; water quality; water sampling; water testing; waterborne illness

Summary Contamination of water bodies with residual PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), aka “forever chemicals” have become a pervasive and widespread problem throughout the USA and worldwide despite ongoing regulations and policies to reduce and eliminate their prevalent use in manufacturing of many products. These fluorocarbon structured chemicals are known to collect in fish, animal tissues, and are increasingly being detected in blood serum samples of humans, with determined links to health degradation issues in growth and development, reproduction, thyroid function, liver damage, disruptions of immune system, and links to increased rates in cancer. Water supplies in 66 regions across the USA serving 6 million people had at least one or more PFAS-type contamination level at or above the EPA’s safety limits. We seek to propose and demonstrate a new phase-change rotary distillation-purification system and method that should completely remove these chemicals from drinking water supplies, using a technology that is highly efficient and scalable in size, from portable up to industrial systems. The technology utilizes energy recovery and operates at low-power and low-specific energy, and has a cost-effective pathway for large-scale commercialization in homes and scalable to industrial wastewater purification requirements. Earlier versions of this technology have been NASA-validated, however, we advanced certain key heat transfer mechanisms that achieve a 10x increase above reported boiler-condenser heat transfer coefficients for known and commercially available phase-change distillation technologies. Previous testing demonstrated a 10-fold increase in heat transfer efficiency through testing with Sandia National Labs and Cedars Sinai Medical Center, using inexpensive components with instrumented earlier bench-model testing. References show that phase-change purification by traditional distillation (high-power, with no energy recovery) removes all PFAS contaminations in water samples, but these technologies are immensely cost-prohibitive with no pathway for cost-effective application uses or commercialization. Specific aims propose testing several new key technology features beyond previous testing, which should demonstrate a cost-effective pathway for commercialization. These technology features include testing with and without PFAS contaminations the efficacy of a new rotary liquid-vapor seal that is exceedingly low-cost, near unlimited life, and very low frictional drag; self-cleaning features that would automatically maintain long operation with high- performance; and testing a conceptually new centrifugal pump that theoretically is capable of removing the fresh and waste water streams from sub-atmospheric pressure operation to above atmospheric pressures at very low power.

概括 用残留的PFA（每氟烷基物质）（又称“永远的化学物质”）对水体的污染 在美国和全球目的地正在进行中，已成为普遍存在且普遍存在的问题 法规和政策，以减少和消除其在制造许多产品中的普遍使用。这些 已知碳碳结构化学物质​​会在鱼类，动物组织中收集，并且越来越多 在人类的血清样本中检测到，确定了与健康降解问题的确定联系 开发，繁殖，甲状腺功能，肝损伤，免疫系统中断以及与增加的链接 癌症的比率。美国66个地区的66个地区的供水至少有一个或多个 PFA型污染水平或EPA安全限制的水平。我们试图提出并展示新的 相位变化旋转蒸馏纯化系统和方法应完全去除这些化学物质 从饮用水供应，使用高效且可扩展的技术，从便携式到 工业系统。该技术利用能量回收，并以低功率和低特异性能量运行， 并具有成本效益的途径，可在房屋中进行大规模商业化，并且可扩展到工业 废水净化要求。然而，该技术的早期版本已被NASA验证 我们提出了某些关键的传热机制，这些机制使锅炉调节器提高10倍 已知和市售的相变蒸馏的传热系数 技术。先前的测试表明，通过与 Sandia National Labs和Cedars Sinai Medical Center，使用廉价的组件与较早的乐器 台式模型测试。参考文献表明，传统蒸馏（高功率，与 没有能量回收）消除了水样中的所有PFA污染，但是这些技术是极大的 成本良好，没有具有成本效益的应用使用或商业化的途径。具体目的建议 测试除了先前测试以外的几个新的关键技术功能，这应该证明具有成本效益 商业化途径。这些技术功能包括与PFA的测试 污染新的旋转液体蒸气密封的效率极低，几乎无限的寿命和 极低的摩擦阻力；自我清洁的功能，可以自动保持长期操作 表现;并测试理论上能够去除新鲜的概念上新的离心泵 从大气压力运行到上述大气压力的废水流量非常低 力量。