Effects of Aging on Cortical Excitability During Motor Learning

衰老对运动学习过程中皮质兴奋性的影响

• 批准号: 10385683
• 负责人: Joe Robert Nocera
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10385683
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Advisory Committees; Aerobic; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Award; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Brain; Characteristics; Data; Effectiveness; Elderly; Enrollment; Equilibrium; Exercise; Exhibits; GABA Receptor; Hand; Intake; Intervention; Joints; Knowledge; Lead; Light; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Modality; Motor; Motor Cortex; Neural Inhibition; Neurologic; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotransmitter Receptor; Neurotransmitters; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Performance; Physical activity; Quality of life; Randomized; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Scanning; Stretching; System; Techniques; Training; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Translating; Upper Extremity; Veterans; Work; age effect; aging brain; cohort; critical period; dexterity; efficacious intervention; exercise intervention; exercise program; exercise regimen; functional loss; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; hand dysfunction; improved; indexing; intervention program; motor behavior; motor control; motor impairment; motor learning; motor rehabilitation; multimodality; neurophysiology; noninvasive brain stimulation; receptor; receptor function; receptor sensitivity; sedentary; senescence; young adult; Accounting; Adult; Advisory Committees; Aerobic; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Award; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Brain; Characteristics; Data; Effectiveness; Elderly; Enrollment; Equilibrium; Exercise; Exhibits; GABA Receptor; Hand; Intake; Intervention; Joints; Knowledge; Lead; Light; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Modality; Motor; Motor Cortex; Neural Inhibition; Neurologic; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotransmitter Receptor; Neurotransmitters; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Performance; Physical activity; Quality of life; Randomized; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Scanning; Stretching; System; Techniques; Training; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Translating; Upper Extremity; Veterans; Work; age effect; aging brain; cohort; critical period; dexterity; efficacious intervention; exercise intervention; exercise program; exercise regimen; functional loss; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; hand dysfunction; improved; indexing; intervention program; motor behavior; motor control; motor impairment; motor learning; motor rehabilitation; multimodality; neurophysiology; noninvasive brain stimulation; receptor; receptor function; receptor sensitivity; sedentary; senescence; young adult

The current proposal seeks quantify neural inhibition using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and transcranial magenetic stimulation (TMS) in older Veterans to identify how each measures contributes to aging-related changes in motor performance. Currently, over 56% (11.8 million) of Veterans are over age 60. Recent research has shown that aging is associated with decreased cortical inhibition and impaired hand motor function. However, this loss of inhibition is not an inescapable consequence of aging. Our previous work that healthy older adults who engage in regular physical activity show increased cortical inhibition and improved dexterity as compared to their sedentary age cohort. This indicates that aerobic training may reverse aging related changes in cortical inhibition and alteration of tonic levels of cortical excitability can have a powerful impact on motor performance in the aging brain. In the current proposal, we will enroll older adults to assess how different measurements (TMS and MRS) of the dominant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain – GABA differ in relation to motor control. During the MRS scan, participants will perform a motor learning task to assess change in GABA level throughout the acquisition session. These data will be compared with measures of cortical inhibition using TMS to quantify neurotransmitter receptor activity with respect to aging-related changes in motor performance. We will also be comparing the effects of an aerobic exercise intervention as compared to a contact matched stretching control. We believe this project is the first inquiry of its kind and will have an important impact in our understanding of aging-related neurophysiological changes in the brain and how we can remediate associated behavioral declines.

当前的提案寻求使用磁共振光谱（MRS）和 老年退伍军人中的经颅神经刺激（TMS），以确定每种措施如何有助于 与衰老有关的运动性能变化。目前，超过56％（1180万）的退伍军人超过60岁。 最近的研究表明，衰老与皮质抑制减少和手相关 运动功能。但是，这种抑制作用丧失并不是衰老的不可避免的结果。我们以前的工作 从事常规体育锻炼的健康老年人表明皮质抑制增加和 与久坐的年龄队列相比，灵巧性的改善。这表明有氧训练可能会逆转 皮质抑制与衰老相关的变化和皮质刺激水平的改变可以具有 对大脑衰老的运动性能有力影响。在当前的建议中，我们将注册老年人 评估大脑中主要抑制性神经递质的不同测量（TMS和MRS）如何 GABA与运动控制的关系不同。在扫描太太期间，参与者将执行运动学习任务 在整个收购课程中评估GABA级别的变化。这些数据将与措施进行比较 使用TMS量化神经递质接收器活动相对于衰老相关的神经递质接收器活性的皮质抑制 运动性能的变化。我们还将比较有氧运动干预的影响 与接触匹配的拉伸控制相比。我们认为这个项目是同类的第一个询问，将会 对我们对与衰老相关的神经生理学变化的理解有重要影响 我们如何补救相关的行为下降。