UNDERSTANDING AND LEVERAGING MOLECULAR DIVERSITY WITHIN THE PHYTOCHROME SUPERFAMILY

了解和利用植物色素超家族中的分子多样性

• 批准号: 10386639
• 负责人: JOHN CLARK LAGARIAS
• 金额: $ 1.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10386639
• 关键词: Agriculture; Algae; Bacteria; Basic Science; Bilin; Binding; Biological Process; Biology; Biomedical Research; Biophysical Process; Cell physiology; Cells; Color; Dependence; Detection; Development; Environment; Eubacterium; Evolution; Exhibits; Family Process; Family member; Fluorescence; Food; Genes; Germination; Goals; Growth and Development function; Human; Image; Imaging Device; Interphase Cell; LIGHT protein; Learning; Light; Mediating; Metabolism; Methods; Microbial Biofilms; Mission; Molecular; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Nature; Nucleotides; Organism; Output; Photoreceptors; Phytochrome; Plants; Population; Principal Investigator; Process; Protein Family; Protein Kinase; Proteins; Reagent; Reporting; Reproduction; Research; Seeds; Signal Transduction; Source; System; Systems Biology; Targeted Research; Temperature; Tetrapyrroles; Tissues; Work; behavioral response; bioimaging; cell motility; chromophore; circadian pacemaker; design; feeding; fungus; improved; insight; interest; knowledge base; light intensity; member; new technology; phyA phytochrome; plant growth/development; promoter; response; synthetic biology; transcription factor; transmission process; ultraviolet

April 1, 2021 Our proposal focuses on the phytochrome superfamily of photoreceptors. We have a longstanding interest in these proteins and in the linear tetrapyrrole (bilin) chromophores they use to detect light. Members of this superfamily control growth and development of plants (seed germination, photomorphogenesis, shade avoidance, and flowering, among other processes), making phytochromes important research targets for enhancing agricultural efficiency to meet the demand for food in the face of increasing human population. Other members of this family allow bacteria to move, form biofilms, or adjust their metabolism in response to the light environment. Phytochromes and cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs), the two families of proteins in the phytochrome superfamily, are able to detect every color of light between the near-ultraviolet and the near-infrared, including red and far-red wavelengths that are optimal for imaging in mammalian tissue. Thus, basic research to understand phytochrome diversity, the mechanisms underlying its function in plants, algae, and bacteria, and development of new imaging tools well fits the mission of NIGMS. Research in the Lagarias lab leverages the natural diversity that has arisen in this superfamily during evolution. We seek to understand the mechanisms that allow these proteins to sense different colors of light, to either exhibit bright fluorescence or switch between photostates, to integrate signals such as temperature or pH with light, and to report this information to the cell. In the course of this research, we have also developed useful reagents including fluorescent phytochromes, constitutively active plant phytochromes, and phytochrome-null plants. In the next five years, we envision making further progress in understanding detection of far-red and near- infrared light by these proteins. We expect to learn how to “re-tune” the color-sensing mechanisms of a range of phytochromes and CBCRs, an insight which be applied to existing reagents and systems to allow new imaging applications, multiplexing of synthetic biology systems to respond to different colors, or tissue-specific applications in which specific targets are activated with light rather than with gene promoters. These goals fit well with our overall goals of understanding of the photochemical, biophysical, and biological processes of this family and potentially yield advances in biomedical imaging and synthetic biology via development of a knowledge base, improving fundamental methods with new reagents, and leveraging new technologies.

2021年4月1日 我们的建议着重于感光体的植物色素超家族。我们有一个长期的 对这些蛋白质和线性四吡咯（Bilin）发色团的兴趣，它们用于检测光。 这种超家族控制植物的生长和发育的成员（种子发芽， 在其他过程中，显微形态发生，避免阴影和开花）使 植物色素的重要研究目标，以提高农业效率以满足需求 面对人口增加的食物。这个家庭的其他成员允许细菌 移动，形成生物膜或根据光环境调整其新陈代谢。 植物色素和蓝细菌色素（CBCR），两个蛋白质家族 植物色素超家族，能够检测到近粉状物和 近红外，包括最佳成像的红色和远红色波长 哺乳动物组织。这是了解植物色素多样性的基础研究 其在植物，藻类和细菌中的功能以及新成像工具的开发很好 适合Nigms的任务。 拉加里亚斯实验室的研究利用了这个超家族中出现的自然多样性 在进化过程中。我们试图了解使这些蛋白质感知的机制 不同颜色的光，要么暴露明亮的荧光或在光恒定之间切换到 将信号（例如温度或pH）与光整合在一起，并向单元格报告此信息。 这项研究的过程，我们还开发了有用的试剂，包括荧光 植物色素，组成型活性的植物植物色素和植物色素无植物。在下一个 五年，我们设想在理解远红和接近的发现方面取得进一步的进展 这些蛋白质的红外光。我们希望学习如何“重新调整”颜色感应机制 在一系列植物色素和CBCR中，一种用于现有试剂的见解和 允许新成像应用的系统，合成生物学系统的多路复用 到不同的颜色或组织特异性应用，其中特定目标被光激活 而不是与基因启动子。这些目标非常适合我们理解的整体目标 该家族的光化学，生物物理和生物学过程以及潜在的产量 通过发展知识基础，生物医学成像和合成生物学的进步， 通过新试剂改善基本方法，并利用新技术。