The Impact of Natural Disasters on Child Health

自然灾害对儿童健康的影响

• 批准号: 10365267
• 负责人: Zachary Wagner
• 金额: $ 63.24万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10365267
• 关键词: Affect; Africa; Area; Asia; Behavior; Birth; Catalogs; Cells; Cessation of life; Child; Child Health; Child Mortality; Conflict (Psychology); Country; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Data Sources; Databases; Demographic and Health Surveys; Disasters; Epidemiology; Event; Exposure to; Floods; Foundations; Frequencies; Geography; Goals; Health; Health system; Human; Hurricane; Imagery; Income; Infant; Infant Mortality; Infrastructure; Latin America; Life; Light; Link; Location; Malnutrition; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Morbidity - disease rate; Natural Disasters; Outcome; Policies; Postnatal Care; Puerto Rico; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Reduction; Sanitation; Services; Shock; Testing; Vaccination; Visit; Water; Work; antenatal; climate change; climate disaster; contaminated water; design; econometrics; extreme weather; fighting; food insecurity; food security; global health; health data; health record; health service use; high risk; improved; insight; low and middle-income countries; mortality; neglect; population survey; programs; remote sensing; resilience

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Climate change is increasing the frequency, intensity, and human toll of extreme weather events such as floods and hurricanes. Children living in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) are particularly vulnerable to the health impacts of these disasters because many live in areas that lack the resources to mitigate, respond to, and recover from the devastation. Children might also be particularly sensitive to the indirect health effects from disasters—morbidity and mortality due to compromised conditions such as food security and clean water—as their health is more vulnerable to shocks. However, these indirect effects are typically not included in the estimates of disaster deaths. Getting estimates of the indirect burden of disasters on child health is therefore central for designing mitigation and adaptation strategies. Recent evidence from Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico suggests that indirect mortality impacts could far outweigh the direct effects. In the proposed project we aim to improve measurement of the direct and indirect child mortality burden of floods and storms (i.e., hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons) in over 50 LMICs. These disaster types are particularly impacted by climate change and have a devastating human toll. Specifically, we propose to (i) catalog the precise location and intensity of storms and floods in Africa, Asia, and Latin America; (ii) link disaster events to child health records, (iii) estimate the impact of these disasters on child mortality; and (iv) study the mechanisms and behaviors that contribute to disaster related mortality, which will help inform mitigation strategies. This study will provide the first wide-spanning empirical evidence of the indirect impacts of some of the most harmful disasters on child health in LMICs. Our results will guide efforts to mitigate the consequences from these tragic events.

项目摘要/摘要 气候变化正在增加极端天气事件的频率，强度和人类损失，例如 洪水和飓风。居住在低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）的儿童尤其是 容易受到这些灾难的健康影响的影响，因为许多人生活在缺乏资源的地区 减轻，响应并从破坏中恢复。儿童也可能对 灾难的间接健康影响 - 由于条件受损而导致的疾病和死亡率，例如 粮食安全和清洁水 - 他们的健康更容易受到冲击的影响。但是，这些间接 效果通常不包括在灾难死亡的估计中。获得间接的估计 因此，灾难的负担对于设计缓解和适应策略至关重要。 波多黎各玛丽亚飓风的最新证据表明，间接死亡率的影响可能遥不可及 超过直接效果。在拟议的项目中，我们旨在改善直接和 间接儿童死亡率燃烧地板和风暴（即飓风，旋风和台风）超过50 LMICS。这些灾难类型特别受气候变化的影响，并具有毁灭性的人类 收费。特别是，我们提议（i）对风暴和地板的确切位置和强度进行分类 非洲，亚洲和拉丁美洲； （ii）将灾难事件与儿童健康记录联系起来，（iii）估计影响 这些关于儿童死亡率的灾难； （iv）研究有助于 与灾难有关的死亡率，这将有助于为缓解策略提供信息。这项研究将提供第一个 一些最有害灾难对儿童的间接影响的广泛经验证据 LMICS的健康。我们的结果将指导减轻这些悲惨事件的后果的努力。