Dissecting the functional basis of butterfly-plant coevolution

剖析蝴蝶与植物协同进化的功能基础

• 批准号: 10359749
• 负责人: Timothy Kevin O'Connor
• 金额: $ 6.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-03-09 至 2024-01-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10359749
• 关键词: Affect; Alleles; Amino Acid Substitution; Amino Acids; Arabidopsis; Automobile Driving; Biochemical; Biochemistry; Biological Assay; Biological Sciences; Biology; Butterflies; CRISPR/Cas technology; Cabbage - dietary; Candidate Disease Gene; Chicago; Disease; Event; Evolution; Gene Duplication; Gene Proteins; Genealogy; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Phenomena; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Glucosinolates; Health; Human; In Vitro; Insecta; Lead; Life; Light; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Mouse-ear Cress; Mustard; Mustard Plant; Mutation; Myrosinase; Natural Selections; Nature; Nitriles; Parasites; Plants; Play; Population; Process; Proteins; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Resources; Series; Shapes; Specific qualifier value; System; Training; Trees; Universities; Work; antagonist; arms race; base; career; comparative genomics; experimental study; genetic manipulation; genetic variant; genome editing; genome wide association study; in vivo; innovation; novel; pleiotropism; post-doctoral training; protein function; reconstruction; skills; success

Project Summary / Abstract Antagonism between hosts and parasites is ubiquitous. The strong, reciprocal natural selection that results from host-parasite interactions (coevolution) can have pervasive effects on the biology of both partners. Because coevolution with parasites affects many facets of human health and disease, a robust understanding of the coevolutionary process is a biomedical imperative. Host-parasite coevolution often plays out at the molecular level. Functionally dissecting host-parasite interactions therefore requires the capacity to genetically manipulate both partners, something that is not possible in human systems. To fill this gap, researchers must look elsewhere on the tree of life. Plants and their insect herbivores are the most common host-parasite systems in nature, providing experimentally tractable models to illuminate general features of coevolution. The proposed work will identify the genes and proteins that mediate coevolution between white butterflies (Pieridae: Pierinae) and their Brassicales host plants (including Arabidopsis thaliana). Previous work on this classic coevolutionary system has uncovered the genetic and functional bases of plant resistance to herbivorous insects, but a complementary understanding from the parasite’s perspective is lacking. Aim 1 will employ ancestral protein reconstruction and experimental biochemistry to identify the mutational events that enable novel coevolutionary interactions. Aim 2 will use CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to functionally dissect the butterfly genes mediating coevolution with Arabidopsis plants, enabled by a recent GWAS that identified intriguing candidate loci. Finally, Aim 3 will use population genomic and comparative genomic methods to characterize how alternative modes of coevolution shape the fate of genetic variants that determine parasite success. This work will result in a functionally validated, experimentally tractable model of host-parasite coevolution. Together, these projects will contribute to postdoctoral training at the interface of evolutionary genomics, functional genetics, and experimental biochemistry. New skills and independence gained through this training will facilitate the transition to a research career in evolutionary genomics. The University of Chicago is an exceptional setting to pursue this work due to the University’s strength across the biological sciences, expansive resources, and the particular expertise of co-sponsors and local collaborators.

项目摘要 /摘要 宿主和寄生虫之间的对抗无处不在。由 宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用（协同进化）可以对双方的生物学产生普遍影响。因为 与寄生虫共同进化会影响人类健康和疾病的许多方面，对 协同进化过程是生物医学的命令。 宿主 - 寄生虫的进化通常在分子水平上发挥作用。在功能上解剖宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用 因此，需要能够一般操纵双方的能力，这在人类中是不可能的 系统。为了填补这一空白，研究人员必须在生命树上的其他地方看。植物及其昆虫食草动物 是自然界中最常见的宿主寄生虫系统，提供实验性的模型来照明 协同进化的一般特征。 拟议的工作将识别介导白蝴蝶之间介导的基因和蛋白质 （Pieridae：Pierinae）及其甘蓝植物（包括拟南芥）。以前的工作 经典协调系统发现了植物对草食性的遗传和功能基础 昆虫，但是从寄生虫的角度来看是完全理解的。 AIM 1将使用 祖先蛋白质的重建和实验生物化学，以鉴定突变事件 新颖的协同进化相互作用。 AIM 2将使用CRISPR/CAS9基因组编辑来剖析功能 蝴蝶基因与拟南芥植物介导协同进化，这是由最近确定的GWAS实现的 有趣的候选基因座。最后，AIM 3将使用种群基因组和比较基因组方法 表征协同进化的替代模式如何塑造决定寄生虫的遗传变异的命运 成功。这项工作将导致宿主 - 寄生虫的功能验证，实验性障碍模型 协同进化。 这些项目一起将有助于进化基因组学界面的博士后培训， 功能遗传学和实验生物化学。通过这项培训获得的新技能和独立性 将有助于过渡到进化基因组学研究生涯。芝加哥大学是 由于大学在生物科学方面的实力，膨胀 资源，以及共同发起人和本地合作者的特殊专业知识。