Dissecting the functional basis of butterfly-plant coevolution

剖析蝴蝶与植物协同进化的功能基础

• 批准号: 10359749
• 负责人: Timothy Kevin O'Connor
• 金额: $ 6.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-03-09 至 2024-01-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10359749
• 关键词: Affect; Alleles; Amino Acid Substitution; Amino Acids; Arabidopsis; Automobile Driving; Biochemical; Biochemistry; Biological Assay; Biological Sciences; Biology; Butterflies; CRISPR/Cas technology; Cabbage - dietary; Candidate Disease Gene; Chicago; Disease; Event; Evolution; Gene Duplication; Gene Proteins; Genealogy; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Phenomena; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Glucosinolates; Health; Human; In Vitro; Insecta; Lead; Life; Light; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Mouse-ear Cress; Mustard; Mustard Plant; Mutation; Myrosinase; Natural Selections; Nature; Nitriles; Parasites; Plants; Play; Population; Process; Proteins; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Resources; Series; Shapes; Specific qualifier value; System; Training; Trees; Universities; Work; antagonist; arms race; base; career; comparative genomics; experimental study; genetic manipulation; genetic variant; genome editing; genome wide association study; in vivo; innovation; novel; pleiotropism; post-doctoral training; protein function; reconstruction; skills; success

Project Summary / Abstract Antagonism between hosts and parasites is ubiquitous. The strong, reciprocal natural selection that results from host-parasite interactions (coevolution) can have pervasive effects on the biology of both partners. Because coevolution with parasites affects many facets of human health and disease, a robust understanding of the coevolutionary process is a biomedical imperative. Host-parasite coevolution often plays out at the molecular level. Functionally dissecting host-parasite interactions therefore requires the capacity to genetically manipulate both partners, something that is not possible in human systems. To fill this gap, researchers must look elsewhere on the tree of life. Plants and their insect herbivores are the most common host-parasite systems in nature, providing experimentally tractable models to illuminate general features of coevolution. The proposed work will identify the genes and proteins that mediate coevolution between white butterflies (Pieridae: Pierinae) and their Brassicales host plants (including Arabidopsis thaliana). Previous work on this classic coevolutionary system has uncovered the genetic and functional bases of plant resistance to herbivorous insects, but a complementary understanding from the parasite’s perspective is lacking. Aim 1 will employ ancestral protein reconstruction and experimental biochemistry to identify the mutational events that enable novel coevolutionary interactions. Aim 2 will use CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to functionally dissect the butterfly genes mediating coevolution with Arabidopsis plants, enabled by a recent GWAS that identified intriguing candidate loci. Finally, Aim 3 will use population genomic and comparative genomic methods to characterize how alternative modes of coevolution shape the fate of genetic variants that determine parasite success. This work will result in a functionally validated, experimentally tractable model of host-parasite coevolution. Together, these projects will contribute to postdoctoral training at the interface of evolutionary genomics, functional genetics, and experimental biochemistry. New skills and independence gained through this training will facilitate the transition to a research career in evolutionary genomics. The University of Chicago is an exceptional setting to pursue this work due to the University’s strength across the biological sciences, expansive resources, and the particular expertise of co-sponsors and local collaborators.

项目概要/摘要 宿主和寄生虫之间的对抗是普遍存在的，这是由强烈的、相互的自然选择造成的。 宿主-寄生虫相互作用（共同进化）会对双方的生物学产生普遍影响。 与寄生虫的共同进化影响着人类健康和疾病的许多方面，对寄生虫的深入了解 共同进化过程是生物医学的必然要求。 宿主与寄生虫的共同进化通常在分子水平上进行。 因此需要有能力操纵双方的基因，这在人类中是不可能的 为了填补这一空白，研究人员必须将目光投向植物及其食草昆虫。 是自然界中最常见的宿主-寄生虫系统，提供了实验上易于处理的模型来阐明 共同进化的一般特征。 拟议的工作将确定介导白蝴蝶之间共同进化的基因和蛋白质 （粉蝶科：Pierinae）及其芸苔目宿主植物（包括拟南芥）。 经典的共同进化系统揭示了植物抗草食性的遗传和功能基础 昆虫，但缺乏从寄生虫角度的补充理解。 祖先蛋白质重建和实验生物化学，以确定突变事件，使 Aim 2 将使用 CRISPR/Cas9 基因组编辑来功能性地剖析新的共同进化相互作用。 最近的 GWAS 发现蝴蝶基因介导与拟南芥植物的共同进化 最后，目标 3 将使用群体基因组和比较基因组方法 描述共同进化的替代模式如何塑造决定寄生虫的遗传变异的命运 这项工作将获得功能验证、实验上易于处理的宿主-寄生虫模型。 共同进化。 这些项目将共同促进进化基因组学领域的博士后培训， 通过这次培训获得了功能遗传学和实验生物化学的新技能和独立性。 将促进向进化基因组学研究生涯的过渡。 由于大学在生物科学领域的实力、广泛的 资源，以及共同发起者和当地合作者的特殊专业知识。