Project 3: Methods for Selective Extraction, Concentration and Detection of N-Nitrosamines

项目3：N-亚硝胺的选择性提取、浓缩和检测方法

• 批准号: 10351934
• 负责人: TIMOTHY M SWAGER
• 金额: $ 33.3万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10351934
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animal Model; Binding; Biological; Carcinogens; Cellular Phone; Chemicals; Color; Communities; Comprehension; Data Analyses; Detection; Devices; Dimethylnitrosamine; Early Diagnosis; Elements; Environment; Film; Filtration; Food; Fostering; Goals; Halogens; Hazardous Chemicals; Health; Human; Hydrogen Bonding; Individual; International Agency for Research on Cancer; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Liquid substance; Location; Measurement; Metals; Methods; Mission; Municipalities; Mutagens; N-nitrosodimethylamine; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Nitrosamines; Nitroso Compounds; Optics; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Polymers; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Process; Public Health; Reaction; Reader; Research; Research Support; Resistance; Risk; Seasons; Signal Transduction; Solid; Source; Superfund; System; Technology; Testing; Training; Translating; Translational Research; Tribes; Ultraviolet Rays; Visual; Water; Water Supply; Weather; base; carcinogenicity; citizen science; community engagement; data management; data streams; design; detection limit; detection method; detector; drinking water; efficacy testing; empowered; environmental justice; experience; improved; laboratory equipment; member; novel; optical sensor; organizational structure; particle; photolysis; programs; sensor; superfund site; test strip; water sampling; water treatment

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT – PROJECT 3 N-nitrosamines include some of the most mutagenic chemicals known to humankind, and they are present at and near Superfund Sites, in drinking water, and in food and drugs. What is needed are new methods to detect N-nitrosamines in water that can be used to enable distributed sensing. A major limitation in informing risk of exposure is the fact that N-nitrosamine detection requires sophisticated laboratory equipment in centralized locations. These methods, although highly accurate, are expensive and require trained technical staff. The goal of this project is to create materials and methods that are sufficiently inexpensive to be performed routinely by individuals without the need for detailed technical training. Specific Aim 1 is to create and deploy porous absorptive polymer films and particles with recognition elements specific for N-nitrosamines. Recognition containing solid phase extraction materials can be used to concentrate N-nitrosamines from water. Under conditions where N-nitrosamines are detected, Project 3 then contributes to the identification of which N- nitrosamines are present, to be done via conventional centralized laboratory determinations (to be developed by Project 4). Knowing which N-nitrosamines are present will guide studies of biological impact to be done by Project 1 and Project 2. Specific Aim 2 is to create and apply a novel NDMA optical sensor that exploits NDMA fragmentation products. The solid phase extraction materials also serve as a platform for field-deployed sensing systems. The detection mechanisms make use of photolytic breakdown of N-nitrosamines that can be conducted in solution or directly in solid phase extraction materials. Reactive species generated by photolysis allow for detection by additional reactions to organic aromatic molecules that can be used to create new emissive species or highly colored materials. Additionally, reactive species generated photolytically can be used to create chemiluminescence. Specific Aim 3 is to create a field-deployable device effective for use by community members to perform Citizen Science. The new optical based sensing methods given will be evaluated for sensitivity, accuracy, resistance to interfering species, and the ability to be translated to methods appropriate for use by community members. Providing sensing methods will be facilitated by leveraging smartphone cameras as detectors. Smartphone methods can be used in both colorimetric and emissive detection methods. With support from the CEC, empowering communities to frequently detect N-nitrosamines in their environment and water supplies will help to create a more comprehensive understanding of risk and how seasons, weather, and human interventions impact the exposure risks. Trainees will drive the research and will be supported by the Research Experience and Training Coordination Core, and research translation will be fostered by the Administrative Core. Results on which N-nitrosamines are present will be combined by the Data Management and Analysis Core with new understanding of biological impact to contribute to our comprehension of risk for specific water samples.

项目摘要/摘要 - 项目3 N-亚硝胺包括人类已知的一些最诱变的化学物质，它们存在于 在超级基金地点，饮用水以及食品和毒品中。需要的是检测的新方法 水中的N-亚硝基胺可用于实现分布式灵敏度。告知风险的主要限制 暴露是一个事实，即N-硝基胺检测需要集中式实验室设备复杂的实验室设备 位置。这些方法虽然高度准确，但价格昂贵，需要训练有素的技术人员。目标 这个项目的是创建足够便宜的材料和方法，可以经常执行 不需要详细的技术培训的个人。特定目标1是创建和部署多孔 吸收性聚合物膜和具有特异性N-亚硝基胺的识别元件的颗粒。 含有固相萃取材料的识别可用于从水中浓缩N-亚硝基胺。 在检测到N-亚硝胺的条件下，项目3随后有助于识别哪些n- 存在硝基胺，将通过常规的集中实验室确定来完成（由 项目4）。知道存在哪些N-亚硝基胺将指导项目要进行的生物学影响研究 1和项目2。特定目标2是创建和应用一种利用NDMA的新型NDMA光学传感器 分裂产品。固相提取材料还可以作为野外部署的平台 传感系统。检测机制利用了可以是N-硝基胺的光解体分解 在溶液中或直接在固相萃取材料中进行。光解产生的反应性物种 通过对有机芳香族分子的其他反应进行检测，可用于产生新的发射 物种或高色材料。此外，可以使用光解的反应性物种来创建 化学发光。特定目标3是创建可有效使用社区使用的野外部署设备 成员进行公民科学。将评估给出的新的基于光学的灵敏度方法 敏感性，准确性，对干扰物种的抵抗力以及将其翻译成适合的方法的能力 社区成员的使用。提供感应方法将通过利用智能手机摄像机来准备 作为探测器。智能手机方法可以用于比色和发射检测方法中。和 CEC的支持，授权社区经常在其环境中检测N-亚硝胺和 供水将有助于对风险以及季节，天气和如何建立更全面的了解 人干预措施会影响暴露风险。学员将推动研究，并将得到 研究经验和培训协调核心以及研究翻译将由 行政核心。存在哪些N-亚硝基胺的结果将由数据管理组合 和分析核心对生物学影响的新理解，有助于我们对风险的理解 特定的水样。