Differential contributions of domain-general cerebellar timing mechanisms to temporal deficits in ataxic dysarthria

一般领域小脑计时机制对共济失调构音障碍的时间缺陷的不同贡献

• 批准号: 10313823
• 负责人: Robin Karlin
• 金额: $ 6.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10313823
• 关键词: Acceleration; Affect; Auditory; Behavior; Categories; Cerebellar Ataxia; Cerebellar degeneration; Cerebellum; Characteristics; Deceleration; Dependence; Development; Dysarthria; Ensure; Evaluation; Event; Evidence based treatment; Feedback; Future; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Language; Lead; Length; Linguistics; Link; Maintenance; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Motor; Movement; Online Systems; Outcome; Patients; Perception; Performance; Periodicity; Play; Population; Production; Quality of life; Role; Sensory; Severities; Speech; Speech Disorders; Speech Intelligibility; Stress; Symptoms; Synaptic Transmission; Testing; Time; Voice; auditory feedback; behavior measurement; cohort; experimental study; improved; lexical; motor disorder; motor symptom; phrases; physical state; sensory feedback; sound; targeted treatment; therapy development

Project Summary/Abstract Spoken language uses precise sub-second timing to mark phonemic contrasts, lexical stress differences, and phrasal boundaries, among other distinctions. Ataxic dysarthria is a speech motor disease caused by damage to or degeneration of the cerebellum and is linked to a variety of temporal deficits, including reduced contrast between temporal categories in speech and irregular speech rate and rhythm. These symptoms result in decreased speech naturalness and intelligibility, significantly impacting quality of life. While the temporal symptoms of ataxic dysarthria are well established, their underlying causes are poorly understood and there are currently no evidence-based treatments to improve speech intelligibility and naturalness in this population. The experiments in this proposal test how impairments to two domain-general functions of the cerebellum lead to specific subsets of temporal deficits in the speech of individuals with ataxic dysarthria. In the first aim, we test how damage to the domain-general timing function contributes to deficits in producing categorical temporal contrasts. The cerebellum is involved in the control of event timing, which deals with the duration of single even or multiple irregular events, but not in relative timing, which deals with the timing of multiple regular events. This leads to differential impairments in the perception and production of different types of timing tasks. We use a suite of perceptual and production tasks in both speech and non-speech domains to establish which aspects of speech timing are controlled by event timing. To test the hypothesis that the control of event timing largely affects categories but not prosodic characteristics, we also compare performance on these tasks with evaluations of rhythmic deficits in speech. In the second aim, we test how damage to the maintenance of forward models and consequent increased reliance on feedback lead to altered speech rhythm and overly variable segment durations. Speakers continuously monitor their own speech to ensure that they are accurately producing speech targets; individuals with cerebellar damage show increased dependence on temporally delayed feedback to correct ongoing movements, rather than relying on accurate forward models of production. We use two altered auditory feedback studies to test the temporal effects of perceived errors in vowel target attainment. We determine the extent to which reliance on feedback for spatial accuracy disturbs temporal accuracy. We also establish the relationship between the magnitude of temporal disturbances in these experiments and overall spatial and temporal inaccuracy in speech. The proposed studies will establish the respective contributions of domain-general timing impairments and changes in feedback use to temporal deficits in ataxic dysarthria. This is a critical first step towards the development of therapies that target the specific impairments that result in reduced naturalness and intelligibility in this population.

项目摘要/摘要 口语使用精确的下时间定时来标记语音对比，词汇应力差异， 和短束边界以及其他区别。共济失调构音障碍是一种言语运动疾病 小脑的损害或变性，与各种时间缺陷有关，包括减少 语音与不规则语音率和节奏的时间类别之间的对比。这些症状会导致 在言语自然和清晰度的降低中，显着影响生活质量。而暂时 共同构音障碍的症状已经建立得很好，其基本原因知之甚少，并且有 目前尚无基于证据的治疗方法来改善该人群中的语音清晰度和自然性。 该提案中的实验测试了小脑的两个领域总功能的损害 导致共同构音障碍个体的言语中时间缺陷的特定子集。在第一个目标中，我们 测试对域中总时间函数的损害如何导致产生分类时间的缺陷 对比。小脑参与事件计时的控制，该时间涉及单一的持续时间 或多个不规则事件，但不在相对时机中，这涉及多个常规事件的时间。这 导致不同类型的计时任务的感知和产生中的差异。我们使用一个 语音和非语音领域中的感知和生产任务套件，以确定 语音时机由事件计时控制。测试事件时序控制的假设在很大程度上影响 类别但不是韵律特征，我们还将这些任务的绩效与评估 言语中的节奏缺陷。 在第二个目标中，我们测试了对远期模型维护的损害如何增加 依赖反馈会导致语音节奏和过度变化段持续时间改变。演讲者 不断监视自己的演讲，以确保他们准确地产生语音目标；个人 小脑伤害显示出对时间延迟的反馈的依赖，以纠正正在进行的 运动，而不是依靠准确的前向生产模型。我们使用两个更改的听觉反馈 研究元音目标达到感知错误的时间影响的研究。我们确定了 依赖于空间精度的反馈会扰乱时间准确性。我们还建立了关系 在这些实验中的时间干扰的大小与整体空间和时间之间 语音不准确。 拟议的研究将确定领域总时间障碍和 反馈用来使用的颞质构音障碍的时间缺陷的变化。这是迈向的关键第一步 开发针对特定损害的疗法，导致自然性和清晰度降低 在这个人群中。