Downshifting Sweet Preference and Added Sugar Intake During Snacking Among Young Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

幼儿吃零食时降低甜味偏好并增加糖摄入量：一项随机对照试验

基本信息

批准号：
10308065
负责人：
JENNIFER ORLET FISHER
金额：
$ 51.1万
依托单位：
TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-12-01 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10308065
关键词：
2 year old Accounting Adult Affect American American Heart Association Appetite Regulation Behavior Beverages Biological Markers Body Weight Body mass index Calories Canes Cardiovascular Diseases Caregivers Cereals Chemicals Child Childhood Consumption Control Groups Country Dental caries Desire for food Detection Diet Dietary intake Eating Effectiveness Effectiveness of Interventions Elderly Energy Intake Environment Exposure to Face Family Food Food Preferences Food Supply Fruit Future Generations Genetic Genotype Goals Guidelines Hair Health Heart Diseases Height Home Human Individual Differences Instruction Intake Intervention Knowledge Laboratories Learning Life Link Liquid substance Longevity Marketing Measures Methods Mothers Obesity Outcome Parents Pediatric Dentistry Phenotype Policies Property Questionnaires Randomized Randomized Controlled Trials Recommendation Recording of previous events Research Research Personnel Rewards Risk Risk Factors Role Sodium Sodium Chloride Solid Specificity Statistical Methods Sucrose Taste Perception Taste preferences Testing Total Sugar Treatment Efficacy United States United States National Institutes of Health Variant Weight World Health Organization aged base blood pressure elevation dietary dietary excess evidence base experience feeding follow-up group intervention heart disease risk hedonic insight inter-individual variation intervention effect novel nutrition obesity prevention obesity risk obesogenic personalized approach post intervention preference programs public health priorities public health relevance randomized trial sugar sweet taste perception sweetened beverage trait

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY AND ABSTRACT The World Health Organization calls on all countries to reduce sugar intake among children because of the solid evidence that limiting intake of free (added) sugars reduces the risks of obesity, tooth decay, and later heart disease. In the United States, preschoolers are consuming, often in the context of snacking, approximately 13 teaspoons of added sugars daily, more than double what the American Heart Association recommends for children. Evidence-based strategies to effectively reduce added sugar intake and promote the liking of beverages and foods containing less added sugar are a clear public health priority. Our proposed randomized controlled trial builds upon our prior NIH-sponsored research that demonstrates the plasticity of preferences during early life and the fundamental role that repeated exposure has on shifting preferences. We have established that children have inborn, elevated preferences for sweet taste, that sugary snacks are often offered for nonnutritive reasons by mothers, and that personal variation in the reward sensitivity and appetitive tastes may make some children more susceptible to dietary excess of sugars from snacks. This proposed research will be the first randomized controlled trial to determine whether sweet preferences can be downshifted in preschoolers by a 4-month exposure to daily snacks containing reduced levels of added sugars and sweetness (intervention group) compared to a similarly aged control group whose daily snacks will be more than twofold higher in total sugar and fivefold higher in added sugar (Specific Aim 1). We will also determine whether the impact of the intervention generalizes to other foods as reflected by greater liking and intake of novel low-sugar snacks in the laboratory and by lower free- living intake of added sugars, validated by biomarkers of cane and corn sugar, the two predominant added sugars in the US food supply (Specific Aim 2). We will further examine whether inter-individual variation in taste genotype, appetitive regulation traits, and reward sensitivity determines whether certain children are less successful in shifting preference than others (Specific Aim 3). The Secondary Aim will explore the trickle-down effects of the intervention on mothers by examining the extent to which their sweet preferences are affected by feeding their children snacks with lower levels of sugar and sweetness. To accomplish our goals, we have assembled a multi-institutional, interdisciplinary team of investigators, each of whom brings unique and necessary expertise in human taste perception and genetics, child appetite regulation, biomarkers, pediatric dentistry, and statistical methods. Findings will provide new insight on family-based, personalized approaches for increasing young children’s liking of foods lower in added sugar and sweetness. This research will serve the long-term goals of establishing evidenced-based strategies to reduce children’s consumption of added sugar and promoting healthy snacking behaviors.

项目摘要和摘要由于可靠的证据表明，限制摄入自由（添加）糖的摄入量会降低肥胖，蛀牙的风险，然后心脏病。在美国，学龄前儿童通常在零食的情况下消耗每天大约13茶匙添加的糖，是美国心脏协会的两倍以上推荐给儿童。循证策略有效减少添加的糖摄入量并促进卧室和含有较少糖的食物的喜欢是明显的公共健康优先事项。我们提出的随机对照试验基于我们先前的NIH赞助研究，该研究证明了早期偏好的可塑性以及重复接触的基本作用转移偏好。我们已经确定儿童对甜味的天生偏好升高，母亲经常出于非营养原因提供含糖的小吃，而个人变异奖励灵敏度和食欲的口味可能会使一些孩子更容易饮食过剩小吃的糖。这项拟议的研究将是第一个确定的随机对照试验是否可以通过每日小吃4个月的时间在学龄前儿童中降档甜美的偏好与类似老化相比，含有添加糖和甜度的降低（干预组）对照组的每日零食的总糖分将高于两倍以上糖（特定目标1）。我们还将确定干预的影响是否概括为其他食物反映出实验室中新型低糖零食的更喜欢和摄入以及较低的自由零食。添加糖的生命摄入量，通过甘蔗和玉米糖的生物标志物验证，这两个主要添加了美国粮食供应中的糖（特定目标2）。我们将进一步检查个体之间的差异是否品尝基因型，食欲调节性状和奖励灵敏度决定了某些孩子是否是在转移偏好方面的成功少于其他偏好（特定目标3）。次要目标将探索干预对母亲的trick流影响，通过检查他们甜美的偏好程度受糖和甜味较低的零食喂食的影响。为了实现我们的目标，我们组建了一个多机构的，跨学科的调查人员团队，每个人都在人类的口味感知和遗传学方面带来独特而必要的专业知识，儿童食欲调节，生物标志物，小儿牙科和统计方法。调查结果将提供新的见解在基于家庭的个性化方法上，以增加幼儿喜欢较低的食物。糖和甜味。这项研究将实现建立基于证据的经验的长期目标减少儿童消耗糖分并促进健康零食行为的策略。