Proximal and Distal Associations between Alcohol Demand, Subjective Craving, and Alcohol-Related Outcomes using an Ad-Lib Paradigm

使用即兴范式研究酒精需求、主观渴望和酒精相关结果之间的近端和远端关联

• 批准号: 10300990
• 负责人: Nicole Schultz
• 金额: $ 6.87万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-16 至 2023-09-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10300990
• 关键词: Acute; Addictive Behavior; Address; Age of Onset; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Chronic; Communities; Consumption; Data; Development; Distal; Economics; Elasticity; Etiology; Exposure to; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Health; Heavy Drinking; Hour; Impulsivity; Individual; Injury; Intervention; Intoxication; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Motivation; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Prevention; Price; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Research Priority; Research Training; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Role; Sampling; Social Problems; Statistical Methods; Symptoms; Time; Training; Treatment outcome; Writing; addiction; alcohol demand; alcohol effect; alcohol exposure; alcohol free; alcohol misuse; alcohol related problem; alcohol use disorder; behavioral economics; breath alcohol measurement; brief intervention; craving; deter alcohol use; drinking; follow-up; high risk sexual behavior; improved; indexing; reinforcer; social deficits; theories; violence exposure; young adult; young adult alcohol use

Project Summary Heavy alcohol use among young adults (YA) is a major public health concern and is associated with well- documented short- and long-term consequences. Recent data suggest that a third of YA engage in heavy alcohol use, and that moderate and severe alcohol use disorders (AUD) have an earlier age of onset compared to mild AUD. These data highlight the importance of understanding risk factors for heavy alcohol use and the development of AUD among YA. Behavioral economic theory combines operant and economic principles to posit that alcohol’s reinforcing value (RV) is the final pathway to alcohol consumption and explains the persistence of alcohol use despite the associated negative consequences. Alcohol demand is a quantitative measure of alcohol’s RV and can provide useful information about patterns of heavy alcohol use and associated risk for development of AUD among YA. Alcohol demand has been cross-sectionally associated with greater quantity and frequency of alcohol use, alcohol dependence, and poor treatment outcomes among YA. Further, alcohol demand may help explain the inconsistent relationship between subjective craving and alcohol-related outcomes, as subjective craving and alcohol demand appear to represent unique facets of motivation. It is theorized that increased alcohol demand may be more proximal to alcohol consumption than subjective craving, but more research is necessary to elucidate this relationship. While demand has been associated with alcohol-related outcomes, alcohol demand is known to fluctuate over time, and few studies have assessed the proximal and distal associations between alcohol demand, subjective craving, and alcohol-related outcomes as a function of acute intoxication. These data would fill an important gap in the literature by demonstrating the relationship between alcohol demand, subjective craving, and alcohol consumption within a drinking episode and longitudinally, which has implications for understanding the unique roles of these variables in YA alcohol use, as well as who might be at greatest risk for the development of AUD. Relatedly, these data have important implications for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at YA. Specifically, findings from the proposed study could inform brief interventions aimed at reducing within drinking session demand with the goal of reducing risk of the development of AUD over time. Using a multimethod research design, the proposed study will fill an important gap in the behavioral economic and subjective craving literature with the following aims: 1) to assess the proximal temporal relationship between demand for alcohol, subjective craving, and subsequent alcohol consumption in an ad-lib drinking paradigm; 2) To examine the distal temporal relationship between alcohol demand, subjective craving, and drinking outcomes following a period of acute intoxication. In addition to addressing these specific aims, the applicant will also receive training in: 1) the etiology of alcohol use among young adults, more broadly, 2) development and management of alcohol administration studies, 3) advanced statistical methods, and 4) scientific writing.

项目摘要 年轻人（YA）的大量饮酒是一个主要的公共卫生问题，并且与良好 记录了短期和长期连续性的共识。 饮酒，中度和严重的酒精使用障碍（AUD）患有较早的年龄 与这些数据相比，这些数据强调了大量饮酒的危险因素的重要性 YA的AUD发展。 认为酒精的加强价值（RV）是饮酒的最终途径，并解释了 尽管饮酒需求是相关的，但持续使用酒精。 酒精RV的定量度量，可以提供有关大量酒精模式的有用信息 以及在YA之间发展Audu的风险。 与饮酒的数量和频率更大，酒精依赖和治疗不佳有关 进一步的结果。 主观渴望和酒精需求似乎是主观的渴望和与酒精有关的结果 代表运动的独特方面。 饮酒量比主观的渴望相比，但是要阐明这种关系需要更多的研究。 尽管需求与酒精相关的结果有关，但众所周知，酒精需求会波动 时间，很少有研究评估酒精需求之间的近端和远端关联 渴望和酒精相关的结果如急性中毒。 通过证明酒精需求，主观渴望和 饮酒发作和纵向饮酒，这对理解 这些变量在酒精使用中的独特作用 在AUD中，数据对针对YA的预防和国际敌方具有重要意义。 具体而言，我可以从支撑研究中的发现提供简短的介入，以实现与 会议需求的目的是冒着随着时间的推移发展AUD的风险。 研究设计，支撑研究将填补行为经济和主观的重要空白 渴望文献以以下目的：1）评估对需求之间的临时职业 酒精，渴望和随后的饮酒量中的饮酒范围； 酒精需求，主观渴望和饮酒结果之间的远端时间关系 急性中毒时期。 培训：1）年轻人中酒精的病因，更广泛，2）发展和管理 酒精管理研究，3）高级统计方法，4）科学写作。