Children's Help to Aging Parents in the Face of Health and Economic Challenges from the COVID-19 Pandemic

面对 COVID-19 大流行带来的健康和经济挑战，儿童为年迈的父母提供帮助

• 批准号: 10287956
• 负责人: Emily Wiemers
• 金额: $ 8.83万
• 依托单位: SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10287956
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Adult Children; Affect; Age; Aging; American; Area; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Caregivers; Caring; Cessation of life; Child; Child Support; Chronic; Complement; Contracts; Coronavirus; Data; Disadvantaged; Disease; Economic Conditions; Economics; Effectiveness; Elderly; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Exposure to; Face; Family; Family member; Financial Support; Food; Formal caregiving; Geographic Locations; Geography; Health; Health and Retirement Study; Hospitalization; Household; Housing; Individual; Interview; Living Arrangement; Longitudinal Studies; Medical; Natural Disasters; Parents; Personal Satisfaction; Play; Policies; Public Health; Race; Resources; Respondent; Risk; Role; Running; Severities; Shock; Socioeconomic Status; Support System; Surveys; Time; Travel; Variant; Virus; base; caregiving; cost; economic impact; experience; food insecurity; health care availability; health care economics; health data; health economics; human old age (65+); improved; informal care; innovation; instrumental activity of daily living; pandemic disease; prevent; racial and ethnic; response; safety net; social; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics

PROJECT SUMMARY Older Americans face unique challenges to their health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adults and those with chronic health conditions are particularly vulnerable to severe complications from the disease, and the need for physical distancing amplifies the impact of the virus by limiting access to support systems. Threats to health and economic well-being posed by COVID-19 are even more severe for older Americans who are poor, less-educated, and non-White because they tend to have poorer health and greater exposure to the virus relative to their respective counterparts. Help from family, including time spent in running errands and hands-on caregiving, money, and shared housing, is likely to be crucial for older adults facing health and economic challenges to endure and maintain well-being. The pandemic only increases this need, just as required physical distancing also affects the ability to receive hands-on care, whether related to the virus or not, and help with household tasks that approximately 11 million Americans aged 65 and older receive from caregivers. Variation across families in the need for and ability to provide help is magnified by the fact that health and economic risks are correlated within families. Exposure to the consequences of the virus is also correlated across families because families tend to live near one another, especially non-White and less-educated families. The proposed project will use new data from the Health and Retirement Study including the new COVID-19 Module to address three Specific Aims: (1) how health, access to health care, and economic well-being of older adults changed with the onset and progression of the pandemic; (2) whether adult children’s transfers of time, money, and coresidence responded to the pandemic-related challenges older adults faced; and (3) whether proximity of families improved or detracted from responses to the pandemic-related challenges of older adults. In each of these aims, we estimate differences across socioeconomic status, race-ethnicity, and across geographic areas that differed in the severity of the pandemic. We attempt to estimate causal effects of the impact of the virus on the well-being of older adults and on family response to changes in well-being using a combination of subjective assessments elicited from respondents and analytic strategies that exploit variation in the severity of the virus across geography and time, in state-level policy responses, and in individuals’ vulnerability to the virus based on their preexisting health conditions. The results will provide a comprehensive understanding of how the health and economic conditions of older Americans changed during the pandemic and how these challenges that older Americans faced rippled across family members, both coresidential and non- coresidential. More broadly, the results will characterize the strength of the family safety net and disparities in it across socioeconomic status and race-ethnicity and the effectiveness of families in protecting one another against shocks to health and well-being.

项目摘要 年长的美国人在19日期大流行期间面临其健康和福祉的独特挑战。年龄较大 成年人和患有慢性健康状况的患者特别容易受到严重并发症的影响 疾病，以及对物理距离放大器的需求，通过限制获得支持的影响 系统。 Covid-19对健康和经济福祉的威胁对于年长来说更为严重 贫穷，受过教育和非白人的美国人，因为他们的健康状况较差和更大 相对于其相对对应物的病毒暴露。家庭的帮助，包括花在跑步上的时间 错误和动手照顾，金钱和共用住房对于面对健康的老年人可能至关重要 以及忍受和维持福祉的经济挑战。大流行只会增加这种需求，就像 所需的身体距离还会影响接受动手护理的能力，无论是否与病毒有关 并帮助约有1100万65岁及以上的美国人从 照顾者。健康的变化因健康而变化和提供帮助的能力被放大了 家庭中的经济风险是相关的。暴露于病毒的后果也是相关的 在整个家庭中，因为家庭倾向于彼此生活，尤其是非白人和受教育程度较低的家庭。 拟议的项目将使用健康和退休研究的新数据，包括新的Covid-19 解决三个特定目标的模块：（1）健康，获得医疗保健和老年人的经济福祉如何 成年人随着大流行的开始和进展而发生了变化。 （2）成人儿童的时间是否转移， 金钱和核心对与大流行有关的老年人面临的挑战做出了回应。 （3）是否 家庭的接近度改善或削弱了对老年人与大流行有关的挑战的反应。 在每个目标中，我们都会估计社会经济地位，种族种族以及跨越的差异 大流行严重程度不同的地理区域。我们试图估计 病毒对使用A 受访者和分析策略提出的主题评估的结合，这些策略利用了差异 跨地理和时间，国家一级政策的反应以及个人的严重程度 基于其先前存在的健康状况，对病毒的脆弱性。结果将提供全面的 了解老年人在大流行期间的健康和经济状况如何变化 这些挑战是如何在整个家庭成员中面临的挑战，包括 Coreidential。更广泛地，结果将表征家庭安全网和分布的强度 跨越社会经济地位和种族种族以及家庭在保护彼此方面的有效性 反对对健康和福祉的震惊。