Paramyxoviruses as Vaccine Vectors Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

副粘病毒作为针对严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的疫苗载体

• 批准号: 10272294
• 负责人: Ursula Buchholz
• 金额: $ 78.76万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10272294
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; African Green Monkey; Antibodies; Attenuated; Attenuated Vaccines; CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes; CD8B1 gene; COVID-19; Cattle; Development; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Dose; Human; Immunity; Immunization; Infection; Intranasal Administration; Modeling; Mucous Membrane; Natural Immunity; Para-Influenza Virus Type 3; Paramyxovirus; Population; Proteins; Respiratory System; SARS coronavirus; Serum; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Site; Structure of respiratory epithelium; Vaccines; Viral Vaccines; Viral Vector; Virus; base; conjunctiva; design; immunogenic; immunogenicity; neutralizing antibody; nonhuman primate; novel; pandemic disease; pathogen; response; vaccine candidate; vector; vector vaccine

There are no vaccines to protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Effective vaccines are urgently needed. Paramyxovirus vectors expressing an immunogenic version of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein would provide novel live vaccines for intranasal administration, designed to be highly attenuated in humans while maintaining a high level of immunogenicity at the primary sites of infection of SARS-CoV-2. A major emphasis is being put on developing paramyxovirus vector vaccines that should not be restricted by pre-existing immunity in the human population. These viral vectors are designed to replicate in the superficial layers of the respiratory epithelium, inducing local mucosal and systemic innate immunity, virus-neutralizing serum antibodies, and CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Intranasal paramyxovirus vector vaccines would provide systemic and local protection in the respiratory tract, the primary site of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and, similar to other live viral vaccines, are expected to rapidly induce immunity following a single dose of vaccine. Large quantities of vaccine doses could be generated rapidly.

没有SARS-COV-2引起的疫苗可以预防SARS-COV-2感染和COVID-19疾病。迫切需要有效的疫苗。表达SARS-COV-2 S蛋白的免疫原性版本的paramyxovirus载体将为鼻内施用提供新型的活疫苗，旨在在人类中高度减弱，同时在SARS-COV-2的一级感染中保持高水平的免疫原性。主要的重点是开发帕托马病毒载体疫苗，这些疫苗不应通过预先存在的人口免疫力来限制。这些病毒载体设计为在呼吸上皮的浅层层中复制，从而诱导局部粘膜和全身先天免疫，病毒中和血清抗体以及CD8+和CD4+ T细胞。鼻内丙糖病毒载体疫苗将在呼吸道（SARS-COV-2感染的主要部位）中提供全身和局部保护，并且与其他活病毒疫苗相似，有望在单剂量的疫苗后迅速诱导免疫力。可以迅速产生大量疫苗剂量。