Evaluating the Effects of Municipal Funding of Safe Routes to School Infrastructure on Child Physical Activity: A Natural Experiment

评估市政府资助学校基础设施安全路线对儿童体育活动的影响：一项自然实验

• 批准号: 10202683
• 负责人: DEANNA MARIE HOELSCHER
• 金额: $ 60.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10202683
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Bicycling; Characteristics; Child; Cities; Cohort Studies; Collection; Commuting; Controlled Study; Costs and Benefits; Data; Data Reporting; Educational Curriculum; Elements; Engineering; Environment; Evaluation; Funding; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Health; Home; Hybrids; Individual; Infrastructure; Intervention; Investments; Island; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Municipalities; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Observational Study; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Physical activity; Policies; Population; Privatization; Prospective Studies; Psychosocial Factor; Questionnaires; Research Design; Role; Route; Sample Size; Schools; Source; Students; Time; Transportation; Travel; Uncontrolled Study; Use Effectiveness; Walking; Youth; austin; built environment; cost; cost effective; cost effectiveness; elementary school; environmental change; falls; federal policy; improved; primary outcome; programs; racial and ethnic; urban area; vigorous intensity

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Safe Routes to School (SRTS) programming or infrastructure changes can impact total physical activity levels in children through increased active commuting to school (ACS). Previous evaluations of SRTS initiatives have shown increases in physical activity and in the proportion of students who engage in ACS, but no study has evaluated the effects of the implementation of a large-scale municipal SRTS infrastructure program on objectively measured physical activity and city-wide ACS using a controlled, prospective study design. In November 2016, $720 million in Mobility Bond funds were approved in Austin, TX, for transportation and mobility projects, including $27.5 million for SRTS infrastructure. Of the SRTS funding, $22.5 million was appropriated for larger-cost, transformative infrastructure projects such as protected bike lanes, pedestrian islands, shared use paths, and pedestrian hybrid beacons. This project provides a unique and time sensitive opportunity to conduct a rigorous evaluation of large-scale SRTS built environment improvements on the physical activity levels of a student school population. The overarching goal is to assess the effects of the SRTS infrastructure initiative on child physical activity (individual level changes), and to determine if the overall changes in built environment improve the proportion of students who engage in ACS in Austin relative to a comparison city (San Antonio) over the study period (population level changes). Three studies will be conducted: (a) Study 1, a quasi-experimental cohort study in Austin SRTS schools (n = 30) and San Antonio control schools (n = 15), to evaluate the effect of large-scale, transformative engineering infrastructure projects on student physical activity; (b) Study 2, twice yearly collection of cross-sectional data on the proportion of children engaging in ACS across ~70 Austin SRTS schools and 30 San Antonio comparison schools; and (3) Study 3, cost effectiveness of the infrastructure improvements in terms of increasing child physical activity will be determined. For Study 1, physical activity will be measured using accelerometers augmented by GPS; child and parent questionnaires will be used to collect self-report data on physical activity and domain-specific psychosocial factors; and the neighborhood environment will be assessed via environmental audits and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Data for Study 2 will be collected using standard SRTS student travel tallies. Data from this proposed project will be useful in understanding the role that SRTS built environment changes have in increasing child physical activity and ACS.

项目概要/摘要 安全上学路线 (SRTS) 规划或基础设施变更可能会影响总人数 通过增加积极通勤上学（ACS）来提高儿童的体力活动水平。以前的 对 SRTS 举措的评估表明，体力活动和体力活动比例有所增加 参与 ACS 的学生，但没有研究评估实施 ACS 的效果 大规模市政 SRTS 基础设施计划，客观测量身体活动和 全市 ACS 使用受控的前瞻性研究设计。 2016 年 11 月，7.2 亿美元 移动债券基金在德克萨斯州奥斯汀获得批准，用于交通和移动项目， 其中 2750 万美元用于 SRTS 基础设施。在 SRTS 资金中，有 2250 万美元 拨款用于成本较高的变革性基础设施项目，例如受保护的自行车道， 步行岛、共享路径和步行混合信标。该项目提供了一个 进行大规模严格评估的独特且时间敏感的机会 SRTS 根据学生学校的体育活动水平改善环境 人口。总体目标是评估 SRTS 基础设施计划对 儿童体力活动（个体水平变化），并确定总体变化是否 环境提高了奥斯汀参加 ACS 的学生相对于其他学校的比例 研究期间的比较城市（圣安东尼奥）（人口水平变化）。三项研究 将进行： (a) 研究 1，奥斯汀 SRTS 学校的一项准实验队列研究（n = 30）和圣安东尼奥对照学校（n = 15），以评估大规模的效果， 关于学生体育活动的变革性工程基础设施项目； (b) 研究 2， 每年两次收集有关 ACS 儿童比例的横断面数据 涵盖约 70 所奥斯汀 SRTS 学校和 30 所圣安东尼奥对比学校； (3) 研究 3，成本 基础设施改善在增加儿童身体活动方面的有效性将 被确定。对于研究 1，将使用增强型加速度计测量体力活动 通过全球定位系统；儿童和家长问卷将用于收集有关身体活动的自我报告数据 和特定领域的社会心理因素；并对周边环境进行评估 通过环境审计和地理信息系统（GIS）。研究 2 的数据将是 使用标准 SRTS 学生旅行统计收集。该拟议项目的数据将很有用 了解 SRTS 构建的环境变化在提高儿童体能方面的作用 活动和 ACS。