Evaluating the Effects of Municipal Funding of Safe Routes to School Infrastructure on Child Physical Activity: A Natural Experiment

评估市政府资助学校基础设施安全路线对儿童体育活动的影响：一项自然实验

• 批准号: 10202683
• 负责人: DEANNA MARIE HOELSCHER
• 金额: $ 60.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10202683
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Bicycling; Characteristics; Child; Cities; Cohort Studies; Collection; Commuting; Controlled Study; Costs and Benefits; Data; Data Reporting; Educational Curriculum; Elements; Engineering; Environment; Evaluation; Funding; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Health; Home; Hybrids; Individual; Infrastructure; Intervention; Investments; Island; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Municipalities; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Observational Study; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Physical activity; Policies; Population; Privatization; Prospective Studies; Psychosocial Factor; Questionnaires; Research Design; Role; Route; Sample Size; Schools; Source; Students; Time; Transportation; Travel; Uncontrolled Study; Use Effectiveness; Walking; Youth; austin; built environment; cost; cost effective; cost effectiveness; elementary school; environmental change; falls; federal policy; improved; primary outcome; programs; racial and ethnic; urban area; vigorous intensity

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Safe Routes to School (SRTS) programming or infrastructure changes can impact total physical activity levels in children through increased active commuting to school (ACS). Previous evaluations of SRTS initiatives have shown increases in physical activity and in the proportion of students who engage in ACS, but no study has evaluated the effects of the implementation of a large-scale municipal SRTS infrastructure program on objectively measured physical activity and city-wide ACS using a controlled, prospective study design. In November 2016, $720 million in Mobility Bond funds were approved in Austin, TX, for transportation and mobility projects, including $27.5 million for SRTS infrastructure. Of the SRTS funding, $22.5 million was appropriated for larger-cost, transformative infrastructure projects such as protected bike lanes, pedestrian islands, shared use paths, and pedestrian hybrid beacons. This project provides a unique and time sensitive opportunity to conduct a rigorous evaluation of large-scale SRTS built environment improvements on the physical activity levels of a student school population. The overarching goal is to assess the effects of the SRTS infrastructure initiative on child physical activity (individual level changes), and to determine if the overall changes in built environment improve the proportion of students who engage in ACS in Austin relative to a comparison city (San Antonio) over the study period (population level changes). Three studies will be conducted: (a) Study 1, a quasi-experimental cohort study in Austin SRTS schools (n = 30) and San Antonio control schools (n = 15), to evaluate the effect of large-scale, transformative engineering infrastructure projects on student physical activity; (b) Study 2, twice yearly collection of cross-sectional data on the proportion of children engaging in ACS across ~70 Austin SRTS schools and 30 San Antonio comparison schools; and (3) Study 3, cost effectiveness of the infrastructure improvements in terms of increasing child physical activity will be determined. For Study 1, physical activity will be measured using accelerometers augmented by GPS; child and parent questionnaires will be used to collect self-report data on physical activity and domain-specific psychosocial factors; and the neighborhood environment will be assessed via environmental audits and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Data for Study 2 will be collected using standard SRTS student travel tallies. Data from this proposed project will be useful in understanding the role that SRTS built environment changes have in increasing child physical activity and ACS.

项目摘要/摘要 安全通往学校的路线（SRTS）编程或基础设施变化可能会影响总数 通过增加积极通勤上学（ACS），儿童的身体活动水平（ACS）。以前的 对SRT计划的评估显示，体育锻炼的增加以及在 参与ACS但没有研究的学生评估了实施的影响 关于客观测量的体育活动和 使用受控的前瞻性研究设计，全市ACS。 2016年11月，7.2亿美元 移动债券基金在德克萨斯州奥斯汀批准进行运输和移动项目， SRTS基础设施包括2750万美元。在SRTS资金中，2250万美元 适用于诸如受保护的自行车道等大型，变革性的基础设施项目， 行人岛，共享使用路径和行人杂种信标。该项目提供了一个 独特而敏感的机会，对大规模进行严格评估 SRT在学生学校的体育锻炼水平上建立了环境改进 人口。总体目标是评估SRTS基础架构计划的影响 儿童体育锻炼（个人级别的变化），并确定已建造的总体变化是否 环境改善了相对于A的ACS的学生的比例 比较城市（圣安东尼奥）在研究期间（人口水平变化）。三项研究 将进行：（a）研究1，奥斯汀SRTS学校的准实验队列研究（n = 30）和圣安东尼奥控制学校（n = 15），以评估大规模的影响， 有关学生体育锻炼的变革性工程基础设施项目； （b）研究2， 每年两次收集有关参与ACS的儿童比例的横断面数据 在约70所奥斯汀SRTS学校和30所圣安东尼奥比较学校中； （3）研究3，成本 基础设施改善儿童体育锻炼的有效性将 可以确定。对于研究1，将使用加速度计计测量体育活动 由GPS；儿童和父母问卷将用于收集有关身体活动的自我报告数据 和特定领域的社会心理因素；并将评估邻里环境 通过环境审核和地理信息系统（GIS）。研究2的数据将是 使用标准的SRTS学生旅行记录收集。该提议项目的数据将很有用 在理解SRT构建环境变化在增加儿童身体上的作用时 活动和ACS。