Spatial case-control studies to target the human ecology of tick-borne infections

针对蜱传感染的人类生态学的空间病例对照研究

• 批准号: 10186696
• 负责人: Andrew A Lover
• 金额: $ 19.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-10 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10186696
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Aftercare; Anaplasmosis; Area; Asians; Babesiosis; Behavior; Borrelia burgdorferi; Case-Control Studies; Classification; Clinic Visits; Collection; Data; Demographic Factors; Dengue; Development; Diagnosis; Ecology; Enrollment; Epidemiology; Evidence based intervention; Foundations; Geographic Locations; Geography; Global Positioning System; Goals; Haemaphysalis longicornis; Health; Heterogeneity; Hospitals; Human; Individual; Infection; Infrastructure; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Laboratories; Location; Lyme Disease; Malaria; Massachusetts; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Minority; Modeling; Modification; Neighborhoods; Occupations; Outcome; Ownership; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Pesticides; Population Surveillance; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Public Health; Questionnaires; Reporting; Research Personnel; Resolution; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Site; Surveillance Program; Surveys; System; Tick Control; Tick-Borne Diseases; Tick-Borne Infections; Ticks; United States; Vector-transmitted infectious disease; acaricide; authority; burden of illness; case control; clinical encounter; cost; cost effective; density; design; disease transmission; disorder risk; feasibility testing; high risk; improved; infection risk; meteorological data; novel; pathogen; pathogen exposure; peri-urban; programs; rural area; sex; tick population; tick-borne pathogen; tool; transmission process; vector; vector tick

SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Human infections with Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) the causative agent of Lyme disease, and other tick-borne pathogens are major and emerging health threats in the United States. The geographic range of tick vectors is expanding within the US, and new tick species are being introduced including Haemaphysalis longicornis (the Asian longhorned tick), an invasive species which is a vector for several human infections. While many state- and local-level jurisdictions have tick surveillance programs, these by necessity cover large geographic areas leading to increased expense and inefficiency. As a consequence, fundamental aspects of the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases remain obscure; and no methods currently exist to identify and target physical locations with highest risk for tick-borne disease transmission. Therefore, the studies proposed here are directed to understanding key aspects of the connections between human outdoor activities and tick populations to develop more targeted health surveillance programs. First, we will enroll both persons with confirmed tick- borne disease and those without, and we will assess risk factors for infection. We will then capture and compare human mobility patterns in both groups using geographic position system (GPS) data loggers; these data will be used to identify locations of significant risk. Secondly, we will perform comprehensive tick surveys at all locations with either high or low risk, and will compare tick abundance and pathogen prevalence between sites to confirm results from the spatial analysis. Our findings will dramatically expand our ability to directly and efficiently target surveillance and interventions to address a critically important public health problem.

摘要/摘要 人类感染伯氏疏螺旋体 (Bb)（莱姆病和其他蜱传疾病的病原体） 病原体是美国新出现的主要健康威胁。蜱虫向量的地理范围 正在美国范围内扩张，并引入了新的蜱种，包括长角血蜱 （亚洲长角蜱），一种入侵物种，是多种人类感染的媒介。虽然很多 州和地方各级管辖区都有蜱虫监测计划，这些计划必然涵盖大范围 地理区域导致费用增加和效率低下。因此，基本方面 蜱传疾病的流行病学仍然不清楚；目前还没有方法可以识别和 针对蜱传疾病传播风险最高的物理位置。因此，研究 这里提出的建议旨在了解人类户外之间联系的关键方面 活动和蜱虫种群，以制定更有针对性的健康监测计划。首先我们要报名 确诊患有蜱传疾病的人和未患有蜱传疾病的人，我们将评估其危险因素 感染。然后，我们将利用地理信息来捕获并比较两组的人员流动模式 定位系统（GPS）数据记录器；这些数据将用于识别存在重大风险的地点。第二， 我们将在高风险或低风险的所有地点进行全面的蜱虫调查，并将蜱虫进行比较 地点之间的丰度和病原体流行率，以确认空间分析的结果。我们的发现 将极大地扩展我们直接有效地进行针对性监测和干预的能力，以解决 一个极其重要的公共卫生问题。