Construction of Biomimetic Moving Systems Using Polymer Gels

使用聚合物凝胶构建仿生移动系统

基本信息

批准号：
09102002
负责人：
OSADA Yoshihito
金额：
$ 122.69万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In order to create biomimetic motility systems, polymer gels have been employed using their reversible size and shape change, thereby realizing the motion by integrating the deformation on a molecular level. Along this line, several kinds of artificial soft machines have been constructed using synthetic polymer gels, such as gelooper (gel-looper), gelf (gel golf), gel valves, chemical motor, shape memory gel, artificial muscle, artificial heart. Motivated by these research results, we have succeeded in obtaining hydrogels with a high mechanical strength as 10 MPa sustaining more than millions of continuous wearing test with little wearing due to their extremely low frictional coefficient. These gels might open new era of soft ＆ wet materials for substituting articular cartilage and other tissues of human body.By comparing the behaviors of gel machine with the solid machine, the specific features of the soft and wet machine have been elucidated. For example, if a gel has free dangling charged polymer chains on its surface, the frictional coefficient becomes as low as 10^<-4>, which is lower than that of animal articular cartilage.We have successfully created an ATP fueled soft gel machine reconstructed from muscle proteins of actin and myosin. Chemically cross-linked actin gel filaments, several thousand times the volume of native actin filaments (F-actin) move along a chemically cross-linked myosin fibrous gel (1 cm long and 50 μ m in diameter) with a velocity as high as that of native F-actin, by coupling to ATP hydrolysis. The muscle protein-gel demonstrates that one can reconstruct a soft machine fueled by chemical energy by using actin and myosin molecules as elementary elements.

为了创建仿生运动系统，已经使用其可逆的大小和形状变化来使用聚合物凝胶，从而通过将变形在分子水平上整合而实现。沿着这条线，已经使用合成聚合物凝胶（例如凝胶环（凝胶环），凝胶（凝胶高尔夫），凝胶阀，化学运动，化学运动，形状记忆凝胶，人造肌肉，人造心脏，人造心脏来构建几种人造软计算机。受这些研究结果的促进，我们成功地获得了具有高机械强度的水凝胶，因为10 MPA的摩擦系数极低，因此维持了数百万次连续磨损试验，几乎没有磨损。这些凝胶可能会开放新时代的软和湿材料，用于取代关节软骨和人体的其他组织。通过将凝胶机的行为与固体机器进行比较，已经阐明了软机器的特定特征。例如，如果凝胶在其表面上具有自由悬挂的带电聚合物链，则摩擦系数将变得低至10^<-4>，该系数低于动物关节软骨的摩擦系数。我们成功地创建了从肌肉蛋白和肌蛋白的肌肉蛋白中重建的ATP毛皮软凝胶机。化学交联的肌动蛋白凝胶丝，是天然肌动蛋白丝（F-肌动蛋白）的数千倍沿化学交联的肌球蛋白纤维凝胶（长1厘米，直径为1 cm，直径为50μm），其速度高至天然F-肌动蛋白，通过与ATP水解的速度高。肌肉蛋白质凝胶表明，可以通过使用肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白分子作为基本元素来重建由化学能融合的软机器。