Fundamental Resarch on Impact Energy absorbing Actuators of Shape Memory Alloys

形状记忆合金冲击吸能执行器的基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
09450097
负责人：
TANI Junji
金额：
$ 3.9万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09450097/
关键词：
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys Stress-sensitive Shape Memory Alloys Impact Energy Absorbing, Actuators アクチュエータ

项目摘要

In this research, impact energy absorbing actuators of shape memory alloys (SMA) was studied by using both the shape memory effect and superelasticity of SMA.Three types of SMAs, temperature-sensitive SMA, magnetic SMA (Ni2MnGa) and stress-sensitive SMA (FeNiSi), were used. When collision of cars is predicted by sensors, magnetic field is applied to the SMA actuators so that the collision energy can be absorbed by the shape memory effect and superelasticity of SMA actuators.First, the relationship between impact force and absorbed energy, impact response of SMA material, the method of magnetic field generation and influence of temperature are clarified theoretically and experimentally in this research. Next the concept of impact energy absorbing actuator was proposed. In order to increase the response speed, magnetic field and stress were also used to induce phase transition in SMAs in addition to temperature. Hence, the possibility of impact energy absorbing SMA actuators, which were impossible for traditional SMAs, has been shown.In the last of this research project, the static characteristics of magnetic SMA and stress-sensitive SMA were investigated. The static characteristics include the relationship between the critical magnetic field strength and temperature for phase transition of magnetic SMA, and the relationship between critical stress and temperature of stress-sensitive SMA.Based on the static characteristics, impact response test was performed. By applying large electric current with capacitors, the response time of SMA actuators was decreased to about 10ms in the experiment.

在这项研究中，使用SMA的形状记忆效应和超弹性研究了形状记忆合金（SMA）的影响能量吸收的执行器。使用SMA的形状记忆效应和超弹性。当通过传感器预测汽车的碰撞时，将磁场应用于SMA执行器，以便可以通过SMA执行器的形状记忆效应和超弹性吸收碰撞能量。首先，影响力与吸收力之间的关系，SMA材料的影响响应，SMA材料的影响，磁场产生的方法和温度的影响能够在这项研究上阐明这项研究。接下来，提出了影响能量吸收执行器的概念。为了提高响应速度，除温度外，还使用了磁场和应力来诱导SMA中的相变。因此，已经显示了吸收能量吸收的SMA致动器的可能性，这是传统SMA不可能的。在该研究项目的最后一个，研究了磁性SMA和应力敏感的SMA的静态特征。静态特征包括磁性SMA相变的临界磁场强度和温度之间的关系，以及对静态特征的临界应力与压力敏感的SMA的关系之间的关系，进行了影响响应测试。通过将大型电流与电容器施加，在实验中，SMA致动器的响应时间减少到约10ms。