Microbial treatment of malodor pollution

恶臭污染的微生物治理

基本信息

批准号：
09480134
负责人：
OHTA Yoshiyuki
金额：
$ 3.14万
依托单位：
HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Malodor pollution is one of the most serious problems in our country. Especially, the pollution from domestic animal houses is one of the main causes. The solution of the problems requires a large scale of apparatus and a lot of running costs. At the present time the main treatment of malodors is carried out chemically and physically : the malodor components are oxidized with ozone or are treated with activated charcoal etc. Microbial treatment is now realized to be a useful method to treat the malodor. We have found microorganisms capable of growing well and deodorizing malodorous agricultural wastes such as pig feces, domestic garbage etc. In 1998, one strain was isolated which could utilize volatile fatty acids as its sole carbon source. It was identified as Rhodococcus sp. It was immobilized onto ceramic beads for preparation of biofilter in order to capture malodorous n-valeric acid in the exhaust air.Under suitable conditions, a few hundred ppm of n-valeric acid in the air was completely removed for 20days. This year, a heat stable microorganisms with an ability to deodorize hydrogen sulfide was isolated from the seed culture. This strain was identified as Bacillus sp. The culture conditions for removing of hydrogen sulfide were pH 7-9 and 30-45ﾟC, respectively. The pure culture of the strain was prepared with wheat bran solid medium. The culture was inoculated into chicken feces at 3XLo^6cfu/g of feces. Hydrogen sulfide in the feces was completely removed for 20 hours-cultivation. The cell free extract had also an ability to remove hydrogen sulfide. Now, the biofilter for removing of hydrogen sulfide is under construction.

恶臭污染是我国最严重的问题之一，尤其是畜舍污染是其主要原因之一，目前解决该问题需要大量的设备和大量的运行成本。恶臭的主要处理方法是化学和物理：用臭氧氧化恶臭成分或用活性炭等处理。微生物处理现已认识到是处理恶臭的有效方法。 1998年分离出一株能够利用挥发性脂肪酸作为唯一碳源的菌株，并将其固定在陶瓷珠上。用于制备生物过滤器，以捕获废气中的恶臭正戊酸。在合适的条件下，空气中数百ppm的正戊酸被完全去除今年，从种子培养物中分离出一种具有除臭能力的热稳定微生物，该菌株被鉴定为芽孢杆菌。去除硫化氢的培养条件为pH 7-9和30-45°C。分别用麦麸固体培养基制备该菌株的纯培养物，将培养物以3XLo^6cfu/g接种到鸡粪便中。粪便中的硫化氢经过20小时完全去除——无细胞提取物也具有去除硫化氢的能力。目前，用于去除硫化氢的生物过滤器正在建设中。