Breeding of high rutin content variety in common buckwheat

高芦丁含量普通荞麦品种的选育

基本信息

批准号：
09556003
负责人：
MINAMI Mineo
金额：
$ 3.9万
依托单位：
Shinshu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Buckwheat is the only one edible grain which contains rutin. As main biological property, rutin alleviates the increase in capillary fragility associated with some hemorrhagic diseases or hypertension in man. So breeding of high rutin content variety is one of the most important objectives in common buckwheat. We established the micro quantitative determination method of rutin using HPLC and have been carrying out individual selection for high rutin content in common buckwheat cultivar "Botan-soba" since 1992. After seven generations, a line containing rutin five or six times more than original variety has been established. This high rutin content line has been investigated on agronomical characters for three years from practical view point. Days to flowering was two or three days later and plant height was several centimeter shorter in the new line than in original variety. There were no differences in seed yield and milling quality between the new line and original variety. Then we applied for new cultivar registration on this new line in 1999. To make much higher rutin content variety, rutin contents in wild relatives of common buckwheat, Fagopyrum spp., were investigated. F.tataricum and F.cymosum contain rutin in seed about 100 times more than common buckwheat. These are useful as breeding material for super high rutin content variety and interspecific hybrids between common buckwheat and them have been already obtained by using ovule rescue technique. And introduction of self-compatibility from F.homptropicum into common buckwheat, which has typical heterostylous self-incompatibility that cause low efficiency in individual selection, will raise selection efficiency for rutin content, also interspecific hybids between them has been established. Now, breeding research on super high rutin content variety using these relatives and interspecific hybridization are in progress.

荞麦是唯一一个含有丁蛋白的可食用谷物。作为主要的生物学特性，鲁丁减轻了与某些出血性疾病或人体高血压相关的毛细血管脆弱性的增加。因此，高鲁丁蛋白含量的繁殖是普通荞麦中最重要的目标之一。我们使用HPLC建立了鲁丁蛋白的微量定量测定方法，并一直在对常见的荞麦品种“ botan-soba”中的高鲁丁蛋白含量进行个人选择。自1992年以来，已经建立了七代人，一条含有丁丁的线是原始品种的五到六倍。从实际角度来看，已经对农艺特征进行了三年的研究。开花的天数为两三天后，在新系列中的植物高度比原始品种短几厘米。新产品线和原始品种之间的种子产量和铣削质量没有差异。然后，我们在1999年在这条新系列上申请了新的品种注册。为了使鲁丁蛋白含量更高，研究了普通的荞麦的野生亲戚fagopyrum spp。的鲁丁蛋白含量。 f.tataricum和F. cymosum在种子中含有芦丁蛋白，比普通荞麦高约100倍。这些非常有用，是使用胚珠救援技术获得的常见荞麦与它们之间的超高鲁丁蛋白含量品种和种间杂交的繁殖材料。从F. homptropicum引入了自我兼容性为常见的荞麦，这种荞麦具有典型的杂质自我兼容性，在单个选择方面降低了效率，它将提高鲁丁蛋白含量的选择效率，也建立了它们之间的种间杂种。现在，使用这些亲戚和种间杂交对超高鲁丁蛋白含量品种的育种研究正在进行中。