Mesozoic neoselachians (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii): Patterns of phylogeny, biogeography and diversity in a changing world

中生代新鲨类（软骨鱼类、板鳃类）：不断变化的世界中的系统发育、生物地理学和多样性模式

• 批准号: 5415100
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jürgen Kriwet
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Paläontologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2003-12-31 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5415100?language=en
• 关键词: Mesozoic; neoselachians; Chondrichthyes; Elasmobranchii; Patterns

Modern neoselachians are a well-defined group including all sharks, skates, and rays. They are united by synapomorphies of the skeleton. Conversely, fossil neoselachians are recognized primarily by their teeth since the preservation of the cartilaginous skeleton is the exception in the fossil record. Consequently, the taxonomy of many if not most fossil neoselachians is obscure. Skeletal remains of Mesozoic neoselachians are known from several localities ranging from the Early Triassic to the Late Cretaceous. These specimens are essential for understanding the early evolution and diversification of neoselachians. In the framework of the project, all these specimens are examined, analysed, and revised in comparison with extant taxa. The interrelationshipsof fossil and extant will be scrutinized using modern phylogenetic methods. The diversity and palaeobiogeographic relationships of fossil taxa will be recontructed based on phylogenetic analyses but also using similarity measurements. In addition, the interrelationships of modern neoselachians are recontructed using molecular sequences. The results of all analyses are compared and combined to estabish a comprehensive hypothesis of neoselachian evolution, diversification, and interrelationships. The reliability of taxa based on teeth alone will be debated.

现代新鲨类是一个明确的类群，包括所有鲨鱼、鳐鱼和鳐鱼。它们通过骨骼的共源性结合在一起。相反，新鲨鱼化石主要通过牙齿来识别，因为软骨骨骼的保存是化石记录中的例外。因此，许多（如果不是大多数）新鲨鱼化石的分类是模糊的。从早三叠世到晚白垩世的多个地点都发现了中生代新鲨鱼的骨骼遗骸。这些标本对于了解新鲨鱼的早期进化和多样化至关重要。在该项目的框架内，所有这些标本都经过检查、分析，并与现存的分类单元进行比较。化石和现存化石的相互关系将使用现代系统发育方法进行仔细检查。化石类群的多样性和古生物地理关系将基于系统发育分析和相似性测量来重建。此外，现代新鲨鱼的相互关系是利用分子序列重建的。对所有分析的结果进行比较和组合，建立新鲨鱼进化、多样化和相互关系的综合假设。仅基于牙齿的分类单元的可靠性将受到争论。