OKINAWAN THEATRE AS WORLD THEATRE : A STUDY OF THE REPRESENTATION OF ACTRESSES IN MAINLAND JAPAN AND OKINAWA

作为世界剧院的冲绳剧院：日本本土和冲绳女演员表现研究

• 批准号: 18520280
• 负责人: SUZUKI Masae
• 金额: $ 2.51万
• 依托单位: Kyoto Sangyo University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2006 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18520280/
• 关键词: ACTTRESS; OKINAWAN DRAMA; WORLD THEATRE; FEMALE PERFORMERS; TSUJI; JURI; REPRESENTATION; COMPARATIVE CULTURE; 沖縄演劇; 八月十五日の茶屋; 演劇; 芸能; 女性の表象

The aim of this joint-research was to reconsider the characteristics of Okinawan drama as that of the World Theatre through the eyes of both a local Okinawan scholar and a Mainland Japanese scholar based in Kyoto. In our research, we broadened the term "actresses" and included women of the arts, or the entertainers and performers categorized as Geino-sha as professional actresses. This will include Tayu or Geiko in Kyoto as well as the Juri in Okinawa, who are categorized as Yujo. Such broadening of the term was necessary, for though there were almost no "official" actresses allowed to be on stage in Okinawa till the beginning of the twentieth century, female performing art was succeeded in the special entertainment district called Tsuji.The highlight of the project was the symposium held in Okinawa on 24 October, 2007. We have invited Kitajima Sumiko, a representative actress of Okinawa, Higa Izumi, a young actress of the all-female Okinawan troupe, and the Akutagawa-prize winning writer Oshiro Tatsuhiro, as well as researchers from all over Japan to discuss on the female representations in Okinawa and Mainland Japan within a global context.We also interviewed female performers, directors, and researchers in and outside Japan to compare their cases with those of Okinawa. The experience of chanting Noh in Miyakojima Island among the male performers also was a good chance to investigate the link between the almost all-male Noh and Kabuki actors and the female entertainers in mainland Japan and reconsider the meaning of "actresses" in Okinawa. We came to the conclusion that the Tsuji performers" (Juri) were the first "actresses" in Okinawa and the rightful successors of the traditions of sacred rites and entertainment which are in the danger of extinction in the region.

此次联合研究的目的是通过一位冲绳当地学者和一位常驻京都的日本大陆学者的视角，重新审视冲绳戏剧作为世界戏剧的特征。在我们的研究中，我们扩大了“女演员”一词的范围，将艺术界的女性或被归类为“艺野社”的艺人和表演者纳入职业女演员。这将包括京都的 Tayu 或 Geiko 以及冲绳的 Juri，他们被归类为 Yujo。这种术语的扩展是必要的，因为尽管直到二十世纪初，冲绳几乎没有“官方”女演员被允许登上舞台，但女性表演艺术在称为辻的特殊娱乐区取得了成功。项目是2007年10月24日在冲绳举行的座谈会。我们邀请了冲绳代表性女演员北岛纯子、全女性年轻女演员比嘉泉冲绳剧团、芥川奖得主作家大城龙弘以及来自日本各地的研究人员，共同探讨全球背景下冲绳和日本本土的女性代表性。我们还采访了国内外的女性表演者、导演和研究人员日本将其案例与冲绳的案例进行比较。宫古岛男演员唱能的经历也是一个很好的机会来调查几乎全是男性的能剧和歌舞伎演员与日本本土女艺人之间的联系，并重新思考冲绳“女演员”的含义。我们得出的结论是，辻表演者”（Juri）是冲绳第一批“女演员”，也是该地区濒临灭绝的神圣仪式和娱乐传统的合法继承者。

项目成果

シンポジウム「演劇(芸能)における女優の表象」

研讨会“戏剧（娱乐）女演员的代表”

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: 鈴木 雅恵

原ハムレットから沖縄芝居まで

从原哈姆雷特到冲绳戏剧

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: 鈴木 雅恵

<冲绳剧场>

沖縄のハムレット

冲绳的哈姆雷特

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: 与那覇 晶子

「沖縄のハムレット」

《冲绳的哈姆雷特》

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: 与那覇晶子