Local budget after German unification-the budgetary consequence of unification and the revenue gap between west and east-

德国统一后的地方预算——统一的预算后果和东西部收入差距——

基本信息

批准号：
16530213
负责人：
TAKEDA Kimiko
金额：
$ 1.7万
依托单位：
Kanazawa University (2006-2007)Kyoto Prefectural University (2004-2005)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research aimed to analyze the west-east gap in local budget at this time, and to examine the reality of abolition of additional supplementary federal funding for the eastern states and municipalities that scheduled until 2019. The results are as follows.1) Through the revenue sharing between the federal states and the supplementary federal funding, the amount of fiscal transfer is still increasing. It will take more years to bridge the budgetary gap, because the tax revenue is far below the level of western federal states in eastern states. It is difficult to imagine, therefore, that there are no fiscal transfer to eastern federal states and municipalities after 2020.2)"Solidarity Pact II (as of 2005)" however implies that the west-east gap brought about by reunification should be merged into the difference in general in the future. In fact the budgets of the stronger federal states in the east are catching up with the weaker federal states in the west, and socio- economic problem of regions with weak industrial structure in western states also should not be neglect. We can find such an implication in the 'Basket II" of Solidarity Pact II, where the target of programs and grants moves from eastern area to weaker structured area in overall Germany.3) "Hartz IV" reform introduced in 2005 has brought an increasing fiscal burden to the eastern municipality with the higher unemployment. There are peculiar socio-economic handicaps due to negative assets from divided era, namely mismatching in labor market, absence of civil society, decrepitated infrastructure and so on. Leaving these problems can retard the economic development of eastern area. Activities rooted in the local community, as can see in many practices of "Soziale Stadt"(socially integrative city) program, are expected to resolve these problems.

本研究旨在分析此时地方预算的东西部差距，并检验原定于 2019 年取消东部各州和市额外联邦补充资金的现实情况。结果如下。 1) 通过联邦各州之间的收入分享和补充联邦资金，财政转移支付的数额仍在增加。弥补预算缺口需要更多年的时间，因为东部各州的税收收入远低于西部联邦州的水平。因此，很难想象2020年之后不会有向东部联邦州和直辖市的财政转移。2)《团结条约II（截至2005年）》却意味着统一带来的东西方差距应该被纳入未来总体上的差异。事实上，东部实力较强的联邦州的预算正在追赶西部实力较弱的联邦州，西部各州产业结构薄弱地区的社会经济问题也不容忽视。我们可以在《团结条约II》的“篮子II”中找到这样的含义，其中计划和赠款的目标从东部地区转移到整个德国结构较弱的地区。 3）2005年推出的“哈茨IV”改革带来了越来越多的失业率较高的东部城市面临着特殊的社会经济障碍，这是由于分裂时代的负资产造成的，即劳动力市场不匹配、缺乏公民社会、基础设施破旧等。留下这些问题可能会阻碍东部地区的经济发展，正如“社会一体化城市”计划的许多实践所见，扎根于当地社区的活动有望解决这些问题。