Biodiversity and origin of freshwater fishes in the Far-Eastern Asia

远东亚洲淡水鱼类的生物多样性和起源

基本信息

批准号：
15405008
负责人：
GOTO Akira
金额：
$ 9.09万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In order to elucidate the biodiversity and origin of species diversity of freshwater fishes with high endemism in Far-Eastern Asia, genetic, morphological, ecological and ethological studies were carried out in Japan, Russia, Kazafstan and Taiwan, and as the results following valuable results were obtained :1) For the phylogenetic relationships among Lethenteron species in East Asia, it was elucidated that L.japonicum, L.kessleri and L.sp. N were monophyletic and L.sp.S derived from the common ancestral stock of the genera, Lethenteron, Lampetra and Entosphenus.2) It was found that crucian carps collected from the Ob River system in Kazafstan consisted of Carassius carassius and C.auratus, the latter including two groups at least ; one is native in Kazafstan and another is introduced presumably from China.3) East Asian ninespine sticklebacks (genus Pungitius) were composed of 3 major lineages (A. B and C). A linearized molecular clock tree based on AFLP data disclosed that the lineage … More A and (B+C) were diverged about 3.0 MYA, and lineages B and C were diverged 2.2 MYA.4) MtDNA sequence data disclosed that East Asian bagrid catfishes (Pseudobagrus-group) includes two major monophyletic lineages and that one of them is distributed in the whole range, including so-called Pseudobagrus, Peltobagrus and Coreobagrus, and the other consists of Chinese Leiocassis and some Pseudobagrus species.5) MtDNA sequence data disclosed that eastern Eurasian freshwater sculpins (genera Cottus and Trachidermus) include 5 major lineages A-E, lineage A consisting of T.fasciatus and C.kazika having a catadromous life-history, and lineages B-E consisting of the remaining Cottus species having amphidromous, lacustrine and fluvial life-histories.6) A comparative analysis of the relationship between genetic and phenotypic divergence in multiple sympatric pairs of threespine sticklebacks (the Pacific Ocean and Japan Sea forms of Gasterosteus aculeatus complex) disclosed that body size of fish may play an important role at the early stage of stickleback speciation and divergence of courtship repertories play an important role at the later stage. Less

为了阐明远东亚洲特有性高的淡水鱼类的生物多样性和物种多样性的起源，在日本、俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦和台湾开展了遗传、形态、生态和伦理研究，并取得了宝贵的成果。获得：1)对于东亚Lethenteron物种之间的系统发育关系，阐明了L.japonicum、L.kessleri和L.sp N。单系和 L.sp.S 均源自 Lethenteron、Lampetra 和 Entosphenus 属的共同祖先种群。 2) 哈萨克斯坦鄂毕河水系采集的鲫鱼由 Carassius carassius 和 C.auratus 组成，后者是鲫鱼。至少包括两个群体；一个原产于哈萨克斯坦，另一个可能是从中国引进的。3) 东亚九刺棘鱼（属） Pungitius）由 3 个主要谱系（A、B 和 C）组成。基于 AFLP 数据的线性化分子时钟树显示，谱系 A 和 (B+C) 分歧约 3.0 MYA，谱系 B 和 C 分歧约 3.0 MYA。分歧 2.2 MYA.4) MtDNA 序列数据显示，东亚鲢鱼（Pseudobagrus-group）包括两个主要的单系谱系，其中一个分布于5）MtDNA序列数据显示，欧亚东部淡水杜父鱼（Cottus属和Trachidermus属）包括5个主要谱系A-E，谱系由具有降水生活史的 T.fasciatus 和 C.kazika 组成，并且谱系 B-E 由具有两栖、湖泊和河流生活史的剩余 Cottus 物种组成。 6) 多对同域三刺刺鱼（太平洋和日本海的棘刺鱼复合体）遗传和表型分化之间关系的比较分析）披露，鱼的体型大小可能在刺鱼物种形成的早期阶段发挥重要作用，而求偶库的分化也发挥着重要作用后期就少了。