Preparation of Inorganic/Organic Nano Composite by Sol-Gel Process in the Presence of Both Recycled Polymers and Polymer-Grafted Inorganic Ultrafine Particles and Application to Vapor Sensor Thereof

回收聚合物和聚合物接枝无机超细颗粒溶胶-凝胶法制备无机/有机纳米复合材料及其在蒸汽传感器中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
14550701
负责人：
FUJIKI Kazuhiro
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
Joetsu University of Education
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We examined the preparation of a novel inorganic/organic nano composite by sol-gel process in the presence of both recycled polymers and polymer-grafted inorganic ultra fine particles, such as carbon black and synthetic mica. The surface grafting of polystyrene and polyester was achieved by use of hydroxyl groups on the particle surface as initiating sites : the percentages of grafting of polystyrene and polyester were in the range of 3〜20%. When sol-gel reaction of phenyltriethoxysilane was carried out in the coexistence of the polymer-grafted carbon black and synthetic mica, and recycled polystyrene and poly(ethylene terephthalate), thin films of silica gel/inorganic ultrafine particle composite in which both the inorganic ultra fine particles and recycled polymers were uniformly incorporated were obtained. We examined also the vapor-sensing properties of the composites in the various solvents in order to apply these composites to a novel vapor sensor. The vapor adsorption properties of the silica gel/carbon black composite varied with the solubility of grafted polymer chains on the carbon black surface and the recycled polymer chains toward the applied solvent. In the case of the good solvent for both the grafted polymer chains of the carbon black surface and the recycled polymer chains, the silica gel/carbon black composite selectively adsorbed the solvent vapor. Electric resistance of the composite was also very sensitive to the vapor of the good solvent for the grafted and recycled polymer chains : the electric resistance drastically decreased in vapor of good solvent for both the grafted polymer chains of the carbon black surface and the recycled polymer chains, but it sparingly changed in vapor of poor solvent for both of them.

我们研究了在回收聚合物和聚合物接枝无机超细颗粒（例如炭黑和合成云母）存在下，通过溶胶-凝胶法制备新型无机/有机纳米复合材料，实现了聚苯乙烯和聚酯的表面接枝。利用颗粒表面的羟基作为引发位点：当溶胶-凝胶反应时，聚苯乙烯和聚酯的接枝百分比在3%至20%范围内。苯基三乙氧基硅烷是在聚合物接枝炭黑和合成云母、再生聚苯乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共存的情况下进行的，其中无机超细颗粒和再生聚合物均被改性为硅胶/无机超细颗粒复合材料的薄膜。我们还研究了复合材料在各种溶剂中的蒸汽传感性能，以便将这些复合材料应用于新型蒸汽传感器。硅胶/炭黑复合材料的蒸气吸附性能随炭黑表面接枝聚合物链和回收聚合物链对所用溶剂的溶解度而变化。硅胶/炭黑复合材料选择性地吸附了溶剂蒸气，并且对接枝和回收聚合物链的良溶剂蒸气也非常敏感：电阻急剧变化。物品蒸气减少炭黑表面的接枝聚合物链和回收的聚合物链均是溶剂，但在不良溶剂蒸气中它们的变化很小。